Facile Preparation of Highly Stretchable TPU/Ag Nanowire Strain Sensor with Spring-Like Configuration

Pan, Wei; Wang, Juan; Li, Yongping; Sun, Xiaobo; Wang, Jinping; Wang, Xiaoxiong; Zhang, Jun; You, Hui; Yu, Gui-Feng; Long, Yun‐Ze

doi:10.3390/polym12020339

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Design of materials structure is an effective way to improve the stretchability of conductive nanomaterials and stretchable polymer composite materials-based flexible strain sensors. Net-shaped structures, [ 46 ] spring-like structures, [ 47 , 48 ] wavy structures [ 48 ], and island-bridge structures [ 49 ] have been developed for the fabrication of highly stretchable strain sensors because their excellent structure accommodation when external strain is applied. Besides, tractable materials (e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [ 50 , 51 ] and metal nanowires (NWs) [ 21 , 52 ]) with appropriate processing method (e.g., electrospinning [ 53 ] and cross-stacking aligned ribbons [ 54 ]) also results in the stretchable structures.…”

Section: Critical Parameters Of Strain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials, Electrical Performance, Mechanisms, Applications, and Manufacturing Approaches for Flexible Strain Sensors

Han

Chen

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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With the recent great progress made in flexible and wearable electronic materials, the upcoming next generation of skin-mountable and implantable smart devices holds extensive potential applications for the lifestyle modifying, including personalized health monitoring, human-machine interfaces, soft robots, and implantable biomedical devices. As a core member within the wearable electronics family, flexible strain sensors play an essential role in the structure design and functional optimization. To further enhance the stretchability, flexibility, sensitivity, and electricity performances of the flexible strain sensors, enormous efforts have been done covering the materials design, manufacturing approaches and various applications. Thus, this review summarizes the latest advances in flexible strain sensors over recent years from the material, application, and manufacturing strategies. Firstly, the critical parameters measuring the performances of flexible strain sensors and materials development contains different flexible substrates, new nano- and hybrid- materials are introduced. Then, the developed working mechanisms, theoretical analysis, and computational simulation are presented. Next, based on different material design, diverse applications including human motion detection and health monitoring, soft robotics and human-machine interface, implantable devices, and biomedical applications are highlighted. Finally, synthesis consideration of the massive production industry of flexible strain sensors in the future; different fabrication approaches that are fully expected are classified and discussed.

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Section: Critical Parameters Of Strain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials, Electrical Performance, Mechanisms, Applications, and Manufacturing Approaches for Flexible Strain Sensors

Han

Chen

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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“…These types of sensors display superior performance compared to conventional strain gauges. The list of substrates includes PDMS [ 27 ], PU [ 28 ], TPU [ 29 ], Ecoflex [ 30 ], poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (PSBS) [ 31 ], Dragon Skin [ 32 ], cotton/spandex [ 33 ], etc. The conducting elements can be carbon-based nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, metal nanowires, conducting polymers, MXenes, liquid metals, ionic liquids, etc.…”

Section: Stretchable Resistive Strain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A thermoplastic polyurethane electrospun membrane (TPUEM) vacuum filtered with an AgNW conductive network, followed by spin-coating PDMS, could function as a flexible and stretchable strain sensor [ 89 ]. In another instance, an electrospun porous TPU membrane was immersed in the AgNW solution to develop an AgNW/TPU-based stretchable strain sensor [ 29 ]. By varying dip-coating cycles, the content of AgNWs and the conductivity of the nanomembrane are adjusted.…”

Section: Agnw/tpu-based Stretchable Strain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Nanowires in Stretchable Resistive Strain Sensors

Raman

Sankar

2022

Nanomaterials

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Silver nanowires (AgNWs), having excellent electrical conductivity, transparency, and flexibility in polymer composites, are reliable options for developing various sensors. As transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs), AgNWs are applied in optoelectronics, organic electronics, energy devices, and flexible electronics. In recent times, research groups across the globe have been concentrating on developing flexible and stretchable strain sensors with a specific focus on material combinations, fabrication methods, and performance characteristics. Such sensors are gaining attention in human motion monitoring, wearable electronics, advanced healthcare, human-machine interfaces, soft robotics, etc. AgNWs, as a conducting network, enhance the sensing characteristics of stretchable strain-sensing polymer composites. This review article presents the recent developments in resistive stretchable strain sensors with AgNWs as a single or additional filler material in substrates such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyurethane (PU), and other substrates. The focus is on the material combinations, fabrication methods, working principles, specific applications, and performance metrics such as sensitivity, stretchability, durability, transparency, hysteresis, linearity, and additional features, including self-healing multifunctional capabilities.

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“…In addition, it needs less labor and simple instrumentations [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Nanomaterials have been significant for a diversity of applications, such as drug delivery, ecological monitoring, foodstuffs processing and medical diagnostic tools [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Although, there have been a broad range of well-known nanomaterials amended to establish detection capability, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) have established a low attention in this regard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution Blowing Spinning Technology towards Green Development of Urea Sensor Nanofibers Immobilized with Hydrazone Probe

2021

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Cellulose has been one of the most widespread materials due to its renewability, excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability, high absorption ability, biocompatibility and cheapness. Novel, simple and green colorimetric fibrous film sensor was developed by immobilization of urease enzyme (U) and tricyanofuran hydrazone (TCFH) molecular probe onto cellulose nanofibers (CNF). Cellulose acetate nanofibers (CANF) were firstly prepared from cellulose acetate using the simple, green and low cost solution blowing spinning technology. The produced CANF was exposed to deacetylation to introduce CNF, which was then treated with a mixture of TCFH and urease enzyme to introduce CNF-TCFH-U nanofibrous biosensor. CNF were reinforced with tricyanofuran hyrazone molecular probe and urease enzyme was encapsulated into calcium alginate biopolymer to establish a biocomposite film. This CNF-TCFH-U naked-eye sensor can be applied as a disposable urea detector. CNF demonstrated a large surface area and was utilized as a carrier for TCFH, which is the spectroscopic probe and urease is a catalyst. The biochromic CNF-TCFH-U nanofibrous biosensor responds to an aqueous medium of urea via a visible color signal changing from off-white to dark pink. The morphology of the generated CNF and CNF-TCFH-U nanofibrous films were characterized by different analytical tools, including energy-dispersive X-ray patterns (EDX), polarizing optical microscope (POM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM images of CNF-TCFH-U nanofibers demonstrated diameters between 800 nm and 2.5 μm forming a nonwoven fabric with a homogeneous distribution of TCFH/urease-containing calcium alginate nanoparticles on the surface of CNF. The morphology of the cross-linked calcium alginate nanoparticles was also explored using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to indicate an average diameter of 56–66 nm. The photophysical performance of the prepared CNF-TCFH-U was also studied by CIE Lab coloration parameters. The nanofibrous film biosensor displayed a relatively rapid response time (5–10 min) and a limit of detection as low as 200 ppm and as high as 1400 ppm. Tricyanofuran hydrazone is a pH-responsive disperse dye comprising a hydrazone detection group. Determination of urea occurs through a proton transfer from the hydrazone group to the generated ammonia from the reaction of urea with urease.

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Facile Preparation of Highly Stretchable TPU/Ag Nanowire Strain Sensor with Spring-Like Configuration

Cited by 28 publications

References 44 publications

Materials, Electrical Performance, Mechanisms, Applications, and Manufacturing Approaches for Flexible Strain Sensors

Materials, Electrical Performance, Mechanisms, Applications, and Manufacturing Approaches for Flexible Strain Sensors

Silver Nanowires in Stretchable Resistive Strain Sensors

Solution Blowing Spinning Technology towards Green Development of Urea Sensor Nanofibers Immobilized with Hydrazone Probe

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