Facile preparation of magnetic porous carbon monolith from waste corrugated cardboard box for solar steam generation and adsorption

Abstract

Porous carbon monoliths (PCMs) were prepared from waste corrugated cardboard box (WCCB) via slurrying in FeCl 3 solution followed by molding and thermal treatment. The thermal process was analyzed by a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The evolution of physicochemical characteristics of PCMs was studied. The photothermal conversion and solar steam generation performances of the optimal sample (PCM Fe/600 ) were evaluated. The adsorption properties of PCM Fe/600 for methylene blue (MB) were investigated. Results showed that Fe 3+ promoted the breaking of cellulose chains in WCCB, leading to the occurrence of pyrolysis of WCCB at lower temperatures and the reduction of activation energy by 76.63 kJ mol −1 . Char yield raised because volatile radicals were captured by FeCl 3 -derived amorphous Fe(III) species, then involved in char formation. Amorphous Fe(III) continuously converted into Fe 3 O 4 crystallites with carbonization temperature increasing from 400 to 700°C, then α-Fe was formed at 800°C via the carbothermal reduction of Fe 3 O 4 . FeCl 3 was favorable to the formation of a developed microporous structure. Surface area significantly increased with carbonization temperature increasing from 400 to 600°C due to the removal of volatiles. The etching of carbon by Fe 3 O 4 above 700°C also led to the increase of surface area. PCM Fe/600 exhibited higher optical absorption than other samples due to its high graphite degree and porosity. It also had excellent photothermal performance; thus, solar steam yield was 1.46 times that of the pure water with the assistance of PCM Fe/600 . PCM Fe/600 in floating state was effective in adsorption of MB from water. Besides, the adsorption behavior fitted Langmuir model with a monolayer adsorption capacity reached up to 70.9 mg g −1 .

Excellent Wideband Acoustic Absorption of a Multifunctional Composite Fibrous Panel with a Dual-Pore Network from Milled Corrugated Box Wastes

“…The evaluation was completed by placing the samples on top of a heating plate with a temperature set at 100 °C for 1 H. As anticipated, MCFPs manifest superb heat insulating ability compared to the commercially available sound absorbing material as reflected in Figure 6f. This is due to the presence of CBFs which was proven to be a good choice for thermal insulation 19,42 by several researchers. Its thermal insulating property was even intensified when the compressed fibers of the corrugated cardboard box were milled, which increases the surface area.…”

“…Carton boxes or commonly known as corrugated cardboard boxes are bountiful due to their vital use in packaging and delivery service industries, which is why it has been frequently recycled and exhausted. Textile, 18 solar steam generation and adsorption, 19 thermal insulation, 20 and acoustic absorber 21 are some of the applications of recycled/upcycled waste cardboard boxes. It has various functions due to its high recyclability, biodegradability, ecological material, and high structural strength.…”

Preparation of green high‐performance biomass‐derived hard carbon materials from bamboo powder waste

“…[29][30][31] In particular, the hard carbon derived from various biomass precursors, including peat moss, banana peels, corn cob, silk, wood cellulose, leaf and peanut shell, has gained significant attention and is currently under extensive research. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] However, the high cost of hard carbon materials, resulting in initial Coulombic efficiencies below 75 % and capacities below 300 mA • g À 1 due to the formation of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, remains a major obstacle to their industrialization. [38] This study reports the preparation of hard carbon materials from bamboo powder waste via a high-temperature pyrolysis route and its use as anodes for SIBs.The electrochemical performance of the hard carbon derived from bamboo powder was found to be dependent on the carbonization temperature.…”

“…Research has shown that hard carbon materials are the most promising candidates for anode materials in sodium‐ion battery applications due to their larger interlayer distance, high capacity, excellent cycling stability, and lower operating potential [29–31] . In particular, the hard carbon derived from various biomass precursors, including peat moss, banana peels, corn cob, silk, wood cellulose, leaf and peanut shell, has gained significant attention and is currently under extensive research [32–41] . However, the high cost of hard carbon materials, resulting in initial Coulombic efficiencies below 75 % and capacities below 300 mA ⋅ g −1 due to the formation of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, remains a major obstacle to their industrialization [38] …”

“…[ 29 , 30 , 31 ] In particular, the hard carbon derived from various biomass precursors, including peat moss, banana peels, corn cob, silk, wood cellulose, leaf and peanut shell, has gained significant attention and is currently under extensive research. [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] However, the high cost of hard carbon materials, resulting in initial Coulombic efficiencies below 75 % and capacities below 300 mA ⋅ g −1 due to the formation of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, remains a major obstacle to their industrialization. [38] …”