“…The formation of two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic structure on surfaces comprising organic ligands and metal centers has recently become a subject of active research interest due to its potential applications in different fields ranging from surface patterning, heterogeneous catalysis, magnetism, and host–guest chemistry. − The metal–organic coordination bond, as a carrier of the metal–organic structure, is a noncovalent bond formed through the interaction between an organic ligand that provides lone pair electrons and a metal atom or ion that provides empty orbitals. − In studies, organic molecules with functional groups containing lone pair electrons such as O, N, and S are commonly used as ligands, while transition metals mainly provide vacant orbitals. − Moreover, the synthesis and development of coordination structures are influenced by the strength of interactions between the constituents and the underlying substrate. − The substrate’s role in overlayer growth is significant, as it can serve as metal coordination centers by providing native adatoms or induce surface reconstructions when its influence is strong. ,,− In addition, the introduction of foreign metal atoms on inert metal surfaces provides a pathway for the construction of a more diverse and interesting metal-coordination structure. − Therefore, gradually guiding the formation of stable metal–organic structures through the introduction of foreign atoms or the selection of metal surfaces for a molecule with special morphology and function would be beneficial for gaining a deeper understanding of the competitive relationship between molecules, metal atoms, and surfaces in surface structural construction. − 1,4-Diaminoanthraquinone (DAQ) with amino and carbonyl groups arranged in a symmetrical distribution is an important organic ligand due to its versatile coordination behavior and interesting electronic properties. It can form stable complexes with various metal ions, enabling the design and synthesis of novel metal–organic complex .…”