Facile synthesis and an effective doping method for ZnO:In3+ nanorods with improved optical properties

Electrochemical production of ZnO and ZnO@Ag core-shell nanorods on ITO substrate and their photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance

“…The electrical and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures can be easily changed to controlled with controlled size, morphology and doping level. ZnO nanomaterial metal doping includes Mg (Shewale and Yu 2016), In (Nam, Kim, and Leem 2015;Tang et al 2015), Ce Li et al 2015a, Pd (Öztürk et al 2016), Eu (Chandrasekhar et al 2015;Khataee et al 2015), Co (Habibi and Shojaee 2015), Er (Bu 2015), Al (Bu 2015;Yoo et al 2015), Ni (Kaneva, Dimitrov, and Dushkin 2011), Cu (Li et al 2015a; Wang and Su 2016), Fe (Amiri et al 2016), Ag (Ansari et al 2014;Braiek et al 2015;Hsu et al 2014;Kumari et al 2015;Mosquera et al 2015;Patil et al 2016;Sahu et al 2012) and nonmetal doping includes F (Li et al 2015a), C (Ge et al 2015;Li et al 2015b), N (Bu 2015), and Cl (Chikoidze et al 2008). To produce p-type conductivity and enhance luminescence yield of ZnO doped with silver where its acts as an electron acceptor in the material (Bechambi et al 2015;Kang et al 2006).…”

“…ZnO films has been grown by using various synthesis methods, such as a chemical vapor deposition (Ge et al 2015;Wang and Su 2016), chemical bath deposition (Wang and Su 2016), pulsed laser deposition (Kang et al 2006;Shewale and Yu 2016), sol-gel route (Bu 2015;Fabbri et al 2016;Kaneva, Dimitrov, and Dushkin 2011;Li et al 2015a;Tang et al 2015), hydrothermal synthesis (Bechambi et al 2015;Ge et al 2015;Rahman et al 2015;Yoo et al 2015), wet chemical method (Vanalakar et al 2015), spray pyrolysis technique (Amiri et al 2016), metal organic chemical vapor deposition (Chikoidze et al 2008;Habibi and Shojaee 2015;Nam, Kim, and Leem 2015), sole gel spin-coating method (Habibi and Shojaee 2015), chemical vapor deposition (Li et al 2015a), electrochemical deposition techniques (Chen et al 2013;Kim, Moon, and Lee 2012;Li et al 2015b;Orhan and Baykul 2012;Öztürk et al 2016;Xu et al 2012). The electrochemical deposition has been accepted as an effective method for preparing nanomaterials because it is a simple, economical, non-vacuuming and low temperature process and can be easily scaled to industrial level.…”

Thermal Dissipation Annealing for Crystallization of In‐Doped ZnO Films Deposited on Polyethylene Naphthalate Substrate without Substrate Deformation

“…These physical properties can be deeply modified and improved by doping with group III elements, such as Al, Ga, and In, which act as substitutional dopants for zinc sites. [ 19 ] Among these dopants, Al has attracted attention in many studies because of its possible role as a replacement for zinc with minimum deformation of the ZnO lattice, owing to its smaller ionic radius compared with Ga and In. However, Al can react easily with oxygen in the air to form Al 2 O 3 .…”