Heterogeneous TiO2@Nb2O5 composites, in which TiO2 nanoparticles were evenly embedded on ultrathin Nb2O5 nanosheets, were used as anode materials for LIBs and demonstrated high capacities and excellent rate capability. For instance, this material displayed large capacities of 166.3 and 129.1 mA h g−1 at current densities of 1 A g−1 after 100 cycles and 5 A g−1 after 300 cycles, respectively.