Facile Synthesis of Carbon‐Coated Li₃VO₄ Anode Material and its Application in Full Cells

Abstract

Li 3 VO 4 is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries, but suffers from low electronic conductivity. Here we demonstrated a facile solid-state method to synthesize carbon-coated Li 3 VO 4 (LVO/C) to enhance its electronic conductivity and electrochemical performance. The LVO/C composites exhibit preferable specific capacity, desirable cycle performance and suitable rate performance than the carbonfree Li 3 VO 4 . A high reversible capacity of 456 mAh/g and 400 mAh/g can be maintained up to 100 cycles and 500 cycles at 1 C (92.2 % and 80 % retention of the second cycle of discharge capacity, respectively). Coupled with conventional cathodes, the fabricated full cells can deliver higher energy density than their commercial counterparts using Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anodes and exhibit much more stable cycle performance than full cells using graphite anodes. The LiFePO 4 -LVO/C full cell delivers an excellent cycling stability with capacity retention of 99 % vs. the second cycle after 100 cycles at 1 C. The LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 -LVO/C full cell delivers a maximum energy density of about 300 Wh/kg. . (a) Charge-discharge and (b) cycling ability curves in the initial 100 cycles at 1 C (1 C = 400 mA g À 1 ), (c) rate capability under different rate from 0.1 C to 15 C of LFP-LVO/C full cell, (d) energy density comparison of LFP-LVO/C with LFP-LTO and LFP-graphite.

Vanadate‐Based Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries: The Search for Anodes for Practical Applications

“…The longest cycle life of Li 3 VO 4 (82.5% capacity retention over 5000 cycles) and the highest rate performance (230 mAh g −1 at 125 C) has been achieved in Li et al's study, through dual‐phase carbon (amorphous C and reduced graphene oxide) hybridization . In addition, full cell performance based on Li 3 VO 4 anode and LiFePO 4 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 , LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.2 Co 0.3 O 2 , and/or V 2 O 5 cathode were also preliminarily evaluated ( Table 4 ), with emphasis placing on improving cycle stability. However, the low initial coulombic efficiency and large volume variation need to be further addressed before fulfilling practical applications.…”

Strategy for Cyclability Prolongation of Li₃VO₄//Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Full Cells Based on Charge-Discharge Cycling Simulation

“…8 To overcome such inherent disadvantages and enhance the power capability of LVO anodes and LVP cathodes, several approaches have been reported such as nanosizing (5-100 nm), carbon coating, and metal dopings. 9,[15][16][17][18] Previously, we successfully synthesized nanocomposites of LVO and LVP with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via our unique technique called ultracentrifugation (uc) treatment, which enables the synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles highly dispersed within nanocarbon matrix. 8,12 Both uc-treated LVO (uc-LVO) and uc-treated LVP (uc-LVP) showed excellent power capability (>50 % of capacity retention even at a high current density of 20 A g ¹1 ) high cyclability (90 % capacity retention of the initial cycle over 4000 cycles).…”

Novel Li3VO4 Nanostructures Grown in Highly Efficient Microwave Irradiation Strategy and Their In‐Situ Lithium Storage Mechanism

“…[ 27 , 28 ] Among these anode materials, Li 3 VO 4 has attracted considerable interest due to its high theoretical capacity (394 mAh g −1 ), high ionic conductivity of Li + through three‐dimensional (3D) pathways in the crystal, safe voltage plateau (0.5‐1.0 V vs. Li/Li + ), and excellent structural stability for high‐rate capability. [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] Various Li 3 VO 4 topologies have been fabricated by certain technologies, including solid‐state reaction, [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ] hydro(solvo)thermal route, [ 42 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ] sol−gel method, [ 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ] coordinate electrochemical reconstruction, [ 64 , 65 ] freeze‐drying method, [ 66 , 67 , 68 ] the self‐template method, [ 69 ] ball milling, [ 70 ] ultrosonic spray pyrolysis, […”

“…[ 27,28 ] Among these anode materials, Li 3 VO 4 has attracted considerable interest due to its high theoretical capacity (394 mAh g −1 ), high ionic conductivity of Li + through three‐dimensional (3D) pathways in the crystal, safe voltage plateau (0.5‐1.0 V vs. Li/Li + ), and excellent structural stability for high‐rate capability. [ 29–34 ] Various Li 3 VO 4 topologies have been fabricated by certain technologies, including solid‐state reaction, [ 35–45 ] hydro(solvo)thermal route, [ 42,46–53 ] sol−gel method, [ 54–63 ] coordinate electrochemical reconstruction, [ 64,65 ] freeze‐drying method, [ 66–68 ] the self‐template method, [ 69 ] ball milling, [ 70 ] ultrosonic spray pyrolysis, [ 71–73 ] and aerosol‐assisted synthesis. [ 74 ] To the best of our knowledge, few reports have been focused on the rapid and large‐scale preparation of Li 3 VO 4 with designed 3D shapes.…”