Facile synthesis of carbon-rich g-C3N4 by copolymerization of urea and tetracyanoethylene for photocatalytic degradation of Orange II

Wang, Zhuliang; Huo, Yaoxing; Fan, Yiping; Wu, Rong; Wu, Hao; Wang, Fang; Xu, Xianglan

doi:10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.02.036

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The C 1 s electron binding state shows two peaks of 284.7 eV and 288.4 eV in Fig. 5b, corresponding to the C-C bond and sp 2 -bonded aromatic ring (N = C-N) of g-C 3 N 4 , respectively [28,29]. The N 1 s electron binding state peak can be fitted into three peaks with the centers of 398.9 eV, 399.9 eV and 400.2 eV, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanorods/g-C3N4 composite

Liu

et al. 2021

Appl. Phys. A

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ZnO nanorods/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalytic composite was prepared, and its structural and optical properties have been studied. Bulk graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) was first prepared by a one-step thermal polymerization method, and ZnO nanorods were grown from the ZnO seed particles on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 by a hydrothermal method. The effects of hydrothermal reaction time on the morphology and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanorods/g-C 3 N 4 composite were investigated. The hydrothermal reaction included two stages. The initial stage was dominated by the rapid deposition of Zn 2+ precursor in hydrothermal solution on ZnO seed particles to form ZnO seed layer, and the second stage was the hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods from the ZnO seed layer. In the second stage, two processes occurred simultaneously, namely, the dissolution of seed layer and the growth of ZnO nanorods. Hence, the composite prepared with different hydrothermal time shows different photocatalytic degradation mechanism to methyl orange (MO) solution. The photocatalytic performance of the composite sample with the grown time of 2 h is mainly attributed to separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. For the composite sample with the grown time of 3 h, due to the partial dissolution of seed layer, its photocatalytic performance is mainly attributed to the surface reaction of ZnO nanorods. For the composite samples with the hydrothermal grown time of 4 and 5 h, the dense ZnO nanorods on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 improve the separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers, and their photocatalytic performance is attributed to both carrier lifetime and surface reaction. As a result of synergy, the sample with the hydrothermal grown time of 3 h shows the best photocatalytic performance in all composite sample. KeywordsZnO nanorods • g-C 3 N 4 composites • Hydrothermal • Photocatalysis * Fucheng Yu

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanorods/g-C3N4 composite

Liu

et al. 2021

Appl. Phys. A

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“…[26] During calcination, the cyanogroups of TCNE could integrate directly into the CN during the copolymerization of CM with TCNE, resulting in the formation of a C─C bond attached to the heptazine ring. [27] The C─C bond linked to the heptazine ring may break during copolymerization at high temperatures because it is less stable (longer bond length) than a C─N bond, resulting in amino group vacancies, as shown in Scheme 1. [27] The amino group's absence reduces the heptazine ring's www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advenergysustres.com connectivity, resulting in the formation of nitrogen-poor and carbon-rich CN.…”

Section: Cn Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon‐Doped Porous Polymeric Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Performance

Karjule

Abisdris

Azoulay

et al. 2022

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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The photocatalytic activity of polymeric carbon nitride (CN) is strongly tied to its surface area, morphology, optical, and electronic properties. Herein, a straightforward approach to adjusting the electronic properties and morphology of CN materials by fine tuning their carbon content while preserving their high surface area is proposed. To do so, supramolecular assemblies based on CN monomers together with an additional carbon‐rich monomer that does not participate in the preorganization are calcinated. The use of a supramolecular assembly as the precursor endows the CN material with a high specific surface area and an ordered morphology, whereas the addition of a carbon‐rich monomer provides light carbon doping. As a result, the new CN exhibits excellent activity as a photoanode material in photoelectrochemical cells and as a photocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Detailed studies reveal that the modified CN samples show enhanced charge carrier transfer and separation efficiency, improved light absorption response, a tunable energy band structure, a higher electrochemical surface area, and better electronic conductivity compared with a reference CN.

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“…The photocatalytic reactions follow the pseudo-first order kinetic equation, which is given below − ln(C/C 0 ) = kt (1) where, C 0 and C are the dye concentrations at times 0 and t, respectively, and k is the first-order rate constant.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the numerous available renewable sources, interestingly, semiconductor photocatalysis has been receiving much attention because it represents a simple way to exploit the solar energy which significantly meets the requirements for the present issues on energy and environment. [1][2][3] In photocatalysis, the activity of the material depends mainly on light absorption capacity, separation, and transportation of photogenerated electrons and holes. Most of the materials fail to meet these conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of metal oxide decorated $$\hbox {g-C}_{{3}}\hbox {N}_{{4}}$$ g-C 3 N 4 materials with enhanced photocatalytic

et al. 2019

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Herein we report the synthesis and photocatalytic evaluation of heterostructure WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 (WMCN) and CeO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 (CMCN) materials for RhB degradation and photoelectrochemical studies. These materials were synthesized by varying the dosages of WO 3 and CeO 2 on g-C 3 N 4 individually and were characterized with state-of-the-art techniques like XRD, BET surface area, FT-IR, UV-Vis DRS, TGA, SEM, TEM and XPS. A collection of combined structural and morphological studies manifested the formation of bare g-C 3 N 4 , WO 3 , CeO 2 , WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 and CeO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 materials. From the degradation results, we found that the material with 10 wt% WO 3 and 15 wt% CeO 2 content on g-C 3 N 4 showed the highest visible light activity. The first order rate constant for the photodegradation performance of WMCN10 and CMCN15 is found to be 5.5 and 2.5 times, respectively, greater than that of g-C 3 N 4. Photoelectrochemical studies were also carried out on the above materials. Interestingly, the photocurrent density of WMCN10 photoanode achieved 1.45 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V (vs.) RHE and this is much larger than all the prepared materials. This enhanced photoactivity of WMCN10 is mainly due to the cooperative synergy of WO 3 with g-C 3 N 4 , which enhanced the visible light absorption and suppresses the electron-hole recombination.

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Facile synthesis of carbon-rich g-C3N4 by copolymerization of urea and tetracyanoethylene for photocatalytic degradation of Orange II

Cited by 39 publications

References 49 publications

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanorods/g-C3N4 composite

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanorods/g-C3N4 composite

Carbon‐Doped Porous Polymeric Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Performance

Construction of metal oxide decorated $$\hbox {g-C}_{{3}}\hbox {N}_{{4}}$$ g-C 3 N 4 materials with enhanced photocatalytic

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