Facile synthesis SnO2 nanoparticle-modified Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposites for enhanced lithium storage application

2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) as High‐Performance Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Based Batteries

“…Ti 2 CT x Exfoliated graphite-like morphology 225 mAh g −1 at C/25 70 mAh g −1 at 10 C after 200 cycles [24] V 2 CT x Exfoliated graphite-like morphology 288 mAh g −1 at 1 C 125 mAh g −1 at 10 C after 150 cycles [41] Nb 2 CT x Exfoliated graphite-like morphology 250 mAh g −1 at 1 C 110 mAh g −1 at 10 C after 150 cycles [41] Ti 3 C 2 T x Accordion-like layer structure 123 mAh g −1 at 1 C 69 mAh g −1 at 10 C after 100 cycles [63] Ti 3 C 2 T x Cold-pressed Free-standing disks 15 mAh cm −2 at C/3 5.9 mAh cm −2 at C/3 after 50 cycles [64] Nb 2 CT x Cold-pressed free-standing disks 16 mAh cm −2 at C/3 6.7 mAh cm −2 at C/3 after 50 cycles [64] Ti 3 C 2 /CNF CNF bridged layered sheets 320 mAh g −1 at 1 C 97 mAh g −1 at 100 C after 2900 cycles [67] Nb 2 CT x /CNT Composite paper 420 mAh g −1 at 0.5 C 370 mA mAh g −1 at 2.5 C after 100 cycles [68] Ti 2 C/TiO 2 TiO 2 nanocrystals on the MXene surface 389 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 280 mA mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 after 1000 cycles [77] Sn(IV)@Ti 3 C 2 Sn(IV) nanocomplex anchored on MXene 635 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 544 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 after 200 cycles [73] Ti 3 C 2 T x /CNT Porous sheets and CNT composite film 1250 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C 500 mAh g −1 at 0.5 C after 100 cycles [36] Nb 4 C 3 T x Exfoliated graphite-like morphology 380 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 320 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 after 1000 cycles [65] Nb 2 O 5 @Nb 4 C 3 T x (Voltage: 1-3 V) Nb 2 O 5 nanoparticles decorated on MXene 208 mAh g −1 at 0.25 C 133 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 after 400 cycles [76] Ti 3 C 2 T x /NiCo 2 O 4 Layer-by-layer hybrid film 1330 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C 1200 mAh g −1 at 1 C after 100 cycles [78] Ti 3 C 2 T x /Ag Ag nanoparticles distribute on MXene 310 mAh g −1 at 1 C 260 mAh g −1 at 10 C after 5000 cycles [75] SnO 2 /Ti 3 C 2 T x SnO 2 crystallites on MXene flake 1041 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 451 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 after 50 cycles [79] SnO 2 /Ti 3 C 2 T x SnO 2 particles on the MXene layer 354 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 347 mAh g −1 at 0.3 A g −1 after 300 cycles [86] Ti 3 CNT x Powder consisting of fluffy flakes 343 mAh g −1 at 0.05 A g −1 300 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 after 1000 cycles [87] MoS 2 @Ti 3 C 2 T x MoS 2 nanoparticles grown on the MXene 843 mAh g −1 at 0.05 A g −1 132 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 after 200 cycles [83] MoS 2 /Ti 3 C 2 T x -MXene@C MoS 2 nanoplates on MXene@C 1210 mAh g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 551 mAh g −1 at 20 A g −1 after 3000 cycles [84] MoS 2 /Mo 2 TiC 2 T x Porous open structure 554 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 509 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 after 100 cycles [88] MoS 2 /partially ox...…”

Recent Advances in Layered Ti3C2Tx MXene for Electrochemical Energy Storage

“…One effective strategy to achieve the potential of MXenes for high‐performance LIBs is to combine them with other anode materials, such as transition metal oxides (TMOs) . Owing to its nontoxicity, low cost, environmental benignity, and high theoretical capacity, SnO 2 was selected for combination with Ti 3 C 2 T x as an anode for LIBs . The proposed SnO 2 nanoparticle‐modified Ti 3 C 2 nanocomposite (SnO 2 –Ti 3 C 2 ) exhibited a discharge capacity of 1030 mA h g −1 at 100 mA g −1 , and 360 mA h g −1 after 200 cycles.…”

MXene‐Based Anodes for Metal‐Ion Batteries

“…However, like many transition metal oxides (TMOs) it has poor conductivity, ionic diffusivity, and rate performance. Three particular MXene composites, which have been made using an amorphous Sn(IV) nanocomplex, hydrothermally added SnO 2 , and atomic layer deposition of SnO 2 achieve moderate reversible capacities, but at low rates; 544 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 , and 360 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 . They also show similarly poor rate performance with little evidence of long cycle lifetime.…”