Facilitation of hepatic metastasis by surgical stress in mice.

Comparison of the effects of gasless procedure, CO 2 -pneumoperitoneum, and laparotomy on splenic and hepatic natural killer activity in a rat model

“…It is known that various surgical stress such as laparotomy, tumor resection, or bowel resection depress the hepatic NK activity and enhances the growth of liver metastases [13,14]. For example, Oka et al [14] demonstrated that the hepatic NK activity was significantly suppressed in rats undergoing a partial small bowel resection compared with rats undergoing a laparotomy alone.…”