Factores de Riesgo Asociados a la Seroprevalencia de Neospora caninum en Bovinos Naturalmente Infectados en la Ceja de Selva de Oxapampa, Perú

Abstract

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la seroprevalencia de Neospora caninum en bovinos naturalmente infectados en la ceja de selva de Oxapampa, Perú. El trabajo se desarrolló en 20 hatos ganaderos de los distritos de Chontabamba y Oxapampa. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de 388 bovinos mayores de 6 meses, y mediante una encuesta se levantó información situacional y epidemiológica de las ganaderías para identificar los potenciales factores de riesgo. La presencia de anticuerpos contra N. caninum se determinó mediante la técnica de ELISA de competencia (cELISA), utilizando un kit comercial. La asociación entre la seroprevalencia a N. caninum y las variables evaluadas (grupo etario, procedencia, tamaño del hato, eliminación de restos de animales muertos y número de perros por hato) se analizaron mediante regresión logística. Se encontró una seroprevalencia de 18.8 ± 3.9%. Los factores de riesgo asociados con la seropositividad de N. caninum fueron la presencia de más de tres perros en el hato, la eliminación de restos de animales muertos al aire libre y un tamaño de hato mayor a 100 animales (p<0.05), en tanto que la edad y procedencia no influyeron en el riesgo de presentación de N. caninum.

Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in beef cattle from the northern region of Paraná state, Brazil

“…In another study performed in Peru, the authors did not find a correlation between age or the origin of the animals and seropositivity (p>0.05). Risk factors associated with N. caninum infection in cattle were the presence of more than three dogs in the herd, the disposal of animal waste in the environment, and the herd being composed of more than one hundred animals (PORTOCARRERO et al, 2015). MARQUES et al (2011) analyzed 159 samples obtained from the northern region of Paraná State and observed that the prevalence of N. caninum in dairy cattle did not proportionally increase with the age of the infected animals, corroborating the results of the present study.…”

Evaluation of abortions spontaneously induced by Neospora caninum and risk factors in dairy cattle from Lima, Peru

“…Seroprevalence of N. caninum in dairy cattle has been reported in different regions of Peru and described their association with aborts.. In the highlands, a seroprevalence of 46.7% was reported (GRANADOS et al, 2014), while in the Amazon rainforest it was 18.8% (PORTOCARRERO et al, 2015), in Lima Valley (Peru central coast) it was 29.6%-69.6% (GAMARRA et al, 2009;SILVA et al, 2002), and in our study it was 46.6%. Rivera reported 55% of aborted fetus with N. caninum presence in differents farms from Lima valley with different diagnostic test (RIVERA, 2001) and our study found 15% of aborted fetus.…”

Neospora caninum: Seroprevalence in beef cattle in the mountainous region of Santa Catarina, Brazil

“…Portocarrero et al (2015) found no correlation between seropositivity and the age or origin (P>0.05) of animals in Peru. Marques et al (2011) tested 159 samples from the northern state of Paraná and reported that the prevalence of N. caninum in cows did not increase proportionally with the age of the infected animal (P=0.43).…”

“…Currently dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), coyotes (Canis latrans), dingoes (Canis lupus dingo) and gray wolves (Canis lupus), are the only species recognized as definitive hosts GONDIM et al, 2004;KING et al, 2010;McALLISTER et al, 1998). It has been reported that the presence of coyotes may increase infection rates up to 2.4 times (CONZUELO SIERRA et al, 2011) and dogs up to 3.21 times (PORTOCARRERO et al, 2015), thus increasing the risk of infection in herd animals.…”