Factorial design-assisted spectroscopic determination of oxybutynin hydrochloride

Abstract

In this study, we have developed two facile spectroscopic methods for quantifying oxybutynin (OBT) hydrochloride in its pure form and tablets using design of experiments (DOEs). The spectroscopic methods depended on the ion-pair complex formation between the tertiary amino group in the drug and eosin in 0.2 M acetate buffer of pH 4. Method I involves spectrophotometric measurement of the absorbance of the developed complex at 550 nm and showed linearity through 1.0–10.0 µg ml −1 . Method II involves spectrofluorometric measurement of the quenching influence of OBT on the native fluorescence of eosin (λ excitation/λ emission of 304/548 nm) and showed linearity through 1.0–6.0 µg ml −1 . Critical parameters were identified through preliminary trials and optimized using the DOE. Additionally, the quenching mechanism was investigated and the pathway of the reaction was postulated. The fluorescence quenching constant and thermodynamic parameters were explored using the Stern–Volmer plot and Van't Hoff graph, respectively. Assessments conducted via analytical ecoscale revealed the ‘excellent-greenness’ of the methodology. The two methods have the potentials of being green and fast compared with other reported methods.

Validated spectrofluorimetric and resonance Rayleigh scattering methods for determining naftidrofuryl in varied pharmaceutical samples based on its interaction with erythrosin B

“…Recently, xanthene dyes (eosin Y, erythrosin B, fluorescein, merbromin) have been used as colorimetric, fluorescent, and/or RRS analytical reagents for determining a wide range of active pharmaceutical ingredients [12]. For example, eosin Y and merbromin dyes have been reported for determining daclatasvir, cyclobenzaprine, fluvoxamine, atomoxetine, oxybutynin, dexlansoprazole and some β-blockers [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], while erythrosin B has been utilized for determining rupatadine, duloxetine, terbinafine, venlafaxine, nilotinib trospium, and varenicline [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The benefits of using erythrosin B include its low price and a high degree of stability.…”