Factors affecting antiretroviral treatment adherence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A prospective study

Abstract

Context:Antiretroviral adherence is the second strongest predictor of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death, after CD4 count. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been strongly correlated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral suppression, reduced rates of resistance, an increase in survival, and improved quality of life.Aims:To determine the adherence rates and factors affecting adherence to ART among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).Settings and Design:A Prospective study for 1 year was conducted among PLWHA, aged between 15 and 49 years, visiting ART center.Subjects and Methods:242 PLWHAs were included in the study. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on sociodemographic profile, factors affecting adherence. Adherence was assessed through self-reports, routine and random pill counts, and assessment of medical records.Statistical Analysis Used:Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and Chi-square tests were computed using Epi Info 7 version CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.Results:Adherence to ART was finally assessed on 242 PLWHAs. Mean age of subjects was 35 ± 7.8 years. One hundred percent adherence rate (consistent adherers) for the whole 6 month period was seen only in 31.6% patients. Lower 6 month averages of 95–100%, 80–95%, and <80% were noted in 49.8%, 9.1%, and 9.5% patients, thus resulting in optimal adherence rate of >95% in 81.4%. Earning member (odds ratio [OR] =0.404) and weight difference (OR = 0.818) were most associated with the adherent individuals. Most common psychological reason was forgetfulness in 44.9%.Conclusions:Adherence rate was poor among PLWHA and economic factors play an important role in adherence.

Quinolinonyl Non-Diketo Acid Derivatives as Inhibitors of HIV-1 Ribonuclease H and Polymerase Functions of Reverse Transcriptase

“… 6 Moreover, life-long treatment strongly impairs the adherence, drastically promoting the selection of variants of the virus resistant to current therapies. 7 This resistance phenomenon represents the major clinical challenge in the fight against AIDS. Therefore, new anti-HIV agents are still urgently needed, in particular, inhibitors acting against novel viral targets that can contribute overcoming the resistance issue.…”

Magnitude of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

“…Poor ART adherence was reported among underprivileged communities where socioeconomic inequalities heighten the risk (Young et al, 2014) and lower quality of life is prevalent (Liping et al, 2015;Hansana et al, 2013), negatively impacting the HIV program (Wang et al, 2011). For PLWHA, factors related to gender dimensions, socioeconomic factors such as education status, income, asset possession and food security have been associated with non-adherence to ART (Basti et al, 2017;Abera et al, 2015;Alagaw et al, 2013). For example, in South Africa (Eyassu, Mothiba & Mbambo-Kekana, 2016), Cameroon (Fonsah et al, 2017) and northern Tanzania (Samuel Edward et al, 2018), gender, income and level of education were reported as the determinants of ART adherence.…”

Cumplimiento de los indicadores de proceso en un programa para el manejo de pacientes que viven con VIH/SIDA

“…Factores relacionados al no cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de la guía de práctica clínica en una IPS especializada en el manejo de VIH/SIDA entre variables clínicas y el cumplimiento o la adherencia, donde 96.8% de los pacientes tuvieron una adherencia optima (>95%), con el recuento de LT-CD4 (p= 0.05) y el efecto de educación a los pacientes por parte de los programas sobre la importancia del cumplimiento y la adherencia a las recomendaciones (p= 0.04). Mientras que las principales variables relacionadas al no cumplimiento fueron alteraciones en la salud mental (p= 0.001), esto podría explicar que ante enfermedades mentales graves que requieren acompañante o cuidador, la asistencia de estos podrían favorecer la adherencia o el cumplimiento a las recomendaciones de la guía de práctica clínica (21)(22)(23). La imposibilidad de este estudio para encontrar factores clínicos relacionados al cumplimiento y la adherencia podría ser explicado por el tamaño de la muestra o que en esta población las variables administrativas tengan mayor fuerza de asociación que las clínicas, sin embargo, dichas variables administrativas no estuvieron disponibles en las fuentes de información consultadas.…”