Factors affecting establishment of Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. under mature mixed oak forest overstory and in shrubland

Li, Qingkang; Ma, Keping

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(02)00274-8

Cited by 72 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The lower number of juveniles might be offset by the longer lifespan of adults, showing the lack of regeneration. One important reason for the lack of regeneration was that Q. liaotungensis was shade-intolerant species (Hou et al 2004), as light is important for the establishment and survival of young individuals of Q. liaotungensis (Li & Ma 2003). The other reason for the present regeneration status was that although Q. liaotungensis had produced enough seeds, it had poor sapling establishment.…”

Section: Stand Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Point pattern analysis of different life stages of Quercus liaotungensis in Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi Province, China

Cheng

Han

Song

et al. 2013

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Quercus liaotungensis natural secondary forest is an important vegetation formation and has a large distribution area in Lingkong Mountain Nature Reserve, Shanxi Province, China. The spatial patterns of trees at different life stages give important clues about the underlying processes driving regeneration and succession of the forest. In this paper, the trees of a population were mapped, characterized and the spatial distribution patterns and spatial associations of Q. liaotungensis among different life stages (juveniles Á J, premature Á P, mature Á M, overmature Á O) were analyzed using O-ring univariate O(r) and bivariate O(subscript 12)(r) statistics. We found that: (1) Q. liaotungensis was a discontinuously regenerating population. (2) The distribution patterns of Q. liaotungensis varied at different life stages. Q. liaotungensis (J) and Q. liaotungensis (M) showed significant aggregations at scale 0Á19 m and 0Á23 m, respectively. Q. liaotungensis (P) exhibited significant aggregations at the majority of scales, whereas Q. liaotungensis (O) showed a random distribution pattern at most scales. (3) Intraspecific spatial association varied with tree size and scales. Negative or independent association was a dominant pattern for Q. liaotungensis at different life stages, whereas positive associations were found at small scales for only three pairs: Q. liaotungensis (J)ÁQ. liaotungensis (P), Q. liaotungensis (J)ÁQ. liaotungensis (M), and Q. liaotungensis (P)ÁQ. liaotungensis (M).

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Section: Stand Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Point pattern analysis of different life stages of Quercus liaotungensis in Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi Province, China

Cheng

Han

Song

et al. 2013

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…Their physiognomy, structure and composition depend on factors such as latitude, elevation, wind and precipitation patterns, as well as evolutionary history, all of which lead to the high beta diversity reported for this forest type (Bubb, May, Miles, & Sayer, 2004). Worldwide, TMCF cover a mere 0.14% of the land surface (Scatena, Bruijnzeel, Bubb, & Das, 2010) and are considered one of the most endangered ecosystems because of their limited distribution and the high rates of deforestation to which they are subjected (Toledo-Aceves, Meave, González-Espinosa, & Ramírez-Marcial, 2011 Valencia, 2004;Valencia & Gual-Díaz, 2014 (Valencia & Gual-Díaz, 2014) Several studies have analyzed early establishment in oaks and compared different habitats, including: a) forest successional stages (Li and Ma, 2003;Gómez, 2004;González-Rodríguez, Barrio, & Villar, 2012), b) light gradients within the forest (Gómez-Aparicio et al, 2008; Pérez-Ramos, Gómez-Aparicio, Villar, García, & Marañón, 2010), c) open sites vs. closed canopy forest (Negi, Negi, & Singh, 1996;Fan, Guo, Wang, & Duan, 2014) and different light environments under greenhouse and laboratory conditions (Khan and Shankar, 2001;Quero, Villar, Marañón, Zamora, & Poorter, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

Cruz

López‐Barrera

Ramos-Prado

2016

MYB

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Germination and emergence of the endangered cloud forest oak species Quercus germana, Q. insignis, Q. sartorii and Q. xalapensis were observed under different light conditions (sun vs. shade) in a secondary forest fragment (SFF) and in a greenhouse (GRE). Seed weight variability was evaluated for each species and its relationship to germination and emergence determined. After 60 days, a total of 62.17% of the acorns had germinated and 37.79% had emerged in both experiments. Germination was highest in Q. sartorii (71.83% ± 2.09%), followed by Q. germana (66.33% ± 2.06%), Q. insignis (60.83% ± 2.34%) and Q. xalapensis (53.50% ± 2.32%). In the GRE, Q. insignis germination was higher under sun (62.00% ± 4.73%) than shade (48.00% ± 5.12%), whereas its emergence was the lowest (37.66% ± 3.46%) compared to other species in both light environments. In the SFF, germination and emergence only differed among species; Q. xalapensis germination was lowest (47.00% ± 3.11%) and Q. sartorii emergence was highest (58.66% ± 3.35%), compared to the other species. Acorn weight did not influence germination or emergence in any species. The implications of this study are discussed, along with recommended propagation techniques for growing oaks for forest restoration in disturbed areas.Keywords: early seedling establishment, light environment, Quercus, seed mass, tropical montane cloud forest.resumen La germinación y emergencia de encinos amenazados del bosque de niebla, Quercus germana, Q. insignis, Q. sartorii y Q. xalapensis fue evaluada bajo diferentes condiciones lumínicas (sol vs. sombra) en un fragmento de bosque secundario (SFF) y un invernadero (GRE). Para cada una de las especies, la variabilidad del peso de la semilla fue relacionada con la germinación y emergencia. Después de 60 días, en ambos experimentos, un total de 62.17% de las bellotas germinaron y 37.79% emergieron. La germinación fue mayor en Q. sartorii (71.83% ± 2.09%), seguido de Q. germana (66.33% ± 2.06%), Q. insignis (60.83% ± 2.34%) y Q. xalapensis (53.50% ± 2.32%). En el GRE, la germinación de Q. insignis fue mayor bajo el sol (62.00% ± 4.73%) que bajo la sombra (48.00% ± 5.12%), mientras que su emergencia fue la más baja (37.66% ± 3.46%) comparada con otras especies en ambos ambientes lumínicos. En el SFF, la germinación y emergencia solo fueron diferentes entre especies; Q. xalapensis registró la germinación más baja (47.00% ± 3.11%) y Q. sartorii la emergencia más alta (58.66% ± 3.35%) comparada con el resto de las especies. El peso de la bellota no influyó en la germinación y emergencia de las especies. Se discuten las implicaciones de este estudio, así como recomendaciones sobre técnicas de propagación para la producción de encinos para restaurar bosques en áreas perturbadas.Palabras clave: establecimiento temprano de plántulas, ambiente lumínico, Quercus, peso de semilla, bosque de niebla.

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“…Regeneration of red oak without fire or other practices to reduce competition from other tree species is often difficult (Lorimer 1993). Regenerating oak forests to sustain current levels of oak stocking is a worldwide problem (Watt 1919, Thadami and Ashton 1995, Li and Ma 2003, Götmark et al 2005, Pulido and Díaz 2005, Zavaleta et al 2007. For some time now, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) has been investigating ways to improve oak regeneration in the province (Deugo et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of storage temperature and duration on northern red oak acorn viability and vigour

Noland

Morneault

Dey

et al. 2013

The Forestry Chronicle

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Three separate collections of Ontario sources of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) acorns were made to determine the effects of long-term cold storage at +2°C, -1°C, and -2°C on their viability and vigour. We measured acorn moisture content, percent germination during storage, speed of germination and total germination values, root regrowth of seeds that germinated in storage, incidence of fungal contamination, and condition of ungerminated acorns. Viability and vigour peaked six to 12 months after acorns were placed in storage, but decreased with continued storage. After 18 months in storage, ≥60% of the acorns germinated in four of the five seedlots tested and, after 30 months in storage, ≥53% of the acorns germinated in three of the five seedlots tested. Acorn viability was only minimally affected by storage temperature; however, since temperatures above -2°C allowed acorns to germinate during storage, the preferred long-term storage temperature was -2°C. Our results suggest that, assuming proper storage conditions, most red oak seedlots will maintain relatively high germination levels when stored at -2°C for 18 months. Seedlots with particularly high initial germination and vigour may be successfully stored for up to 30 months.Keywords: germination, recalcitrant seed storage, seed storage temperature, seed storage longevity, Quercus rubra résumé Trois ensembles distincts de glands de chêne rouge nordique (Quercus rubra L.) en provenance de l'Ontario ont été rassemblés dans le but d'identifier les effets de l' entreposage au froid à long terme à +2°C, -1°C, and -2°C sur leur viabilité et leur vigueur. Nous avons mesuré le niveau d'humidité des glands, le pourcentage de germination au cours de l' entreposage, la vitesse de germination et les valeurs de germination complète, de reprise de la croissance des racines des semences qui avaient germées au cours de l' entreposage, de l'incidence de la contamination fongique et l' état des glands n'ayant pas germé. La viabilité et la vigueur ont atteint une valeur maximale de six à douze mois après l' entreposage des glands, mais ont diminué en fonction du temps d' entreposage. Après 18 mois d' entreposage, ≥60% des glands avaient germé dans quatre des cinq lots de semences testés et après 30 mois d' entreposage, ≥53% des glands avaient germés dans trois des cinq lots de semences étudiées. La viabilité des glands a été peu affectée par la température d' entreposage; cependant, compte tenu que les températures supérieures à -2°C ont permis aux glands de germer au cours de l' entreposage, la température d' entreposage à long terme préférée a été -2°C. Nos résultats suggèrent que, sous des conditions appropriées d' entreposage, la plupart des lots de semences de chêne rouge maintiendront de forts taux de germination lorsqu' entreposés à -2°C pour une période de 18 mois. Les lots de semences ayant initialement un fort taux de germination et une grande vigueur pourraient être entreposés avec succès pour une période allant jusqu'à 30 mois.Mots clés : germination, e...

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Factors affecting establishment of Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. under mature mixed oak forest overstory and in shrubland

Cited by 72 publications

References 46 publications

Point pattern analysis of different life stages of Quercus liaotungensis in Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi Province, China

Point pattern analysis of different life stages of Quercus liaotungensis in Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi Province, China

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

The effect of storage temperature and duration on northern red oak acorn viability and vigour

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