Factors affecting germination of sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from peas

Jones, David W.; Gray, Elizabeth G.

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(73)80033-6

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…When favourable environmental conditions are present, sclerotia germinate either myceliogenically or carpogenically (Bardin & Huang, 2001). Temperature has a major effect on sclerotial germination, which does not occur below 10°C and is partially inhibited at 15°C (Jones & Gray, 1973). The two kinds of germination produce distinct diseases: sclerotia that germinate myceliogenically produce mycelium that infects ground-level tissues of susceptible plants, whereas those that germinate carpogenically produce fruiting bodies (apothecia) that are laden with fungal spores (ascospores), which are dispersed via air currents to infect aboveground tissues (Bardin & Huang, 2001).…”

Section: The S Sclerotiorum Infection Cycle On Canolamentioning

confidence: 99%

The control of sclerotinia stem rot on oilseed rape (Brassica napus): current practices and future opportunities

2016

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Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) caused by the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a major disease of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). During infection, large, white/grey lesions form on the stems of the host plant, perturbing seed development and decreasing yield. Due to its ability to produce long‐term storage structures called sclerotia, S. sclerotiorum inoculum can persist for long periods in the soil. Current SSR control relies heavily on cultural practices and fungicide treatments. Cultural control practices aim to reduce the number of sclerotia in the soil or create conditions that are unfavourable for disease development. These methods of control are under increased pressure in some regions, as rotations tighten and inoculum levels increase. Despite their ability to efficiently kill S. sclerotiorum, preventative fungicides remain an expensive gamble for SSR control, as their effectiveness is highly dependent on the ability to predict the establishment of microscopic infections in the crop. Failure to correctly time fungicide applications can result in a substantial cost to the grower. This review describes the scientific literature pertaining to current SSR control practices. Furthermore, it details recent advances in alternative SSR control methods including the generation of resistant varieties through genetic modification and traditional breeding, and biocontrol. The review concludes with a future directive for SSR control on oilseed rape.

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Section: The S Sclerotiorum Infection Cycle On Canolamentioning

confidence: 99%

The control of sclerotinia stem rot on oilseed rape (Brassica napus): current practices and future opportunities

2016

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“…In certain instances it was found necessary to condition sclerotia in soil before carpogenic germination would procede (RAMSEY 1925, KEAY 1939. JONES and GRAY (1973) found that sclerotia from the field germinated quite readily when incubated on soil at 20 °C. However, they found that most sclerotia from pure cultures on agar media did not germinate on soil but germinated when incubated on distilled water at 14-16°C.…”

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confidence: 97%

Carpogenic Germination of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum after Periods of Conditioning in Soil

Phillips¹

1986

Journal of Phytopathology

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Periods of conditioning in soil reduced the length of the resting period needed before sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum could germinate to form apothecia. Curves for germination of sclerotia were fitted by a form of the log‐logistic equation and from this equation the time taken for 50% germination (x50) was calculated. These x50 values were used as the basis for comparing germinability of sclerotia collected from infected sunflower plants and others conditioned in soil, or moist vermiculite for various times. Sclerotia from sunflower roots germinated sooner than those from the stem cavities. Germinability increased with the length of the conditioning period. Conditioning in soil was more effective than in moist vermiculite.

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“…Numerous reports indicate that amendment of soil with calcium cyanamide (24,25,57,59,63,65) or S-H mixture (76) reduces apothecial production by sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum (56). Even the volatile substances produced from soil amended with urea, calcium cyanamide, or S-H mixture are deleterious to carpogenic germination of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum (H.C. Huang, unpublished).…”

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Ecological basis of biological control of soilborne plant pathogens

Huang¹

1992

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Factors affecting germination of sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from peas

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

The control of sclerotinia stem rot on oilseed rape (Brassica napus): current practices and future opportunities

The control of sclerotinia stem rot on oilseed rape (Brassica napus): current practices and future opportunities

Carpogenic Germination of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum after Periods of Conditioning in Soil

Ecological basis of biological control of soilborne plant pathogens

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