Factors affecting glaze transparency of ceramic tiles manufactured by the single firing technique

Melchíades, Fábio Gomes; Rego, Bruna Turino; Higa, Silvia Midori; Alves, Helton José; Boschi, Anselmo O.

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.04.030

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This increases the volume fraction of the amorphous phase as well as the chromaticity. CR2 with 15 wt.% CRT panel glass exhibited (Melchiades et al 2010). Finally, CR4 exhibited L*, a*, and b* values similar to those of CR1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Waste recycling of cathode ray tube glass through industrial production of transparent ceramic frits

Karaahmet

Çiçek

2019

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Cathode ray tube (CRT) glass contains significant amounts of alkali and alkaline earth oxides, making it a useful by-product for use in the ceramics industry. Among the various alkali oxides present, those of strontium (SrO), calcium (CaO), and magnesium (MgO) are well known flux materials used widely in the ceramics industry. The most effective flux, SrO, is also a limited resource. In this study, we aimed to develop an environmentally friendly, low-cost method for recycling CRT waste by using it to produce transparent ceramic frits on an industrial scale. Four different samples were fabricated containing between 13 and 25 wt.% CRT panel glass. The color values, sintering behaviors, phases, and microstructural properties of the corresponding samples were analyzed and compared. The results indicate that a composition containing 25 wt.% CRT panel glass could pass the ISO 10545 test. Thus, the results confirm that CRT glass can be used to inexpensively produce transparent ceramic frits at an industrial scale.Implications: The recycling of electronic waste (e-waste), including CRT waste, has increased by high rates of computer and TV consumption. This increase in consumption is likely to increase the rate at which CRTs are discarded. However, CRTs cannot be recycled in the desired amount. Owing to the high silicate, barium and strontium content of CRTs, it has great potential for glass ceramics such as frits. CRT panel glass to produce commercial transparent frit at low cost through an industrial production route for use in single-fire sintered products. Thus, CRT wastes can be recycled cost-effective, sustainable and environmentally friendly.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…For all CR samples, the BaO content increased with an increase in the CRT glass content. Ba is a very active alkaline element and facilitates the formation of glossy surfaces in ceramics (Melchiades et al 2010;Partyka et al 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste recycling of cathode ray tube glass through industrial production of transparent ceramic frits

Karaahmet

Çiçek

2019

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…It enhances the gloss of the glazes and improves the performance of opaque glazes. However, this compound is expensive and many attempts have been done before, to change the glaze's formulation in a way that the ZnO amount decreased [4,5,6]. In the recent research [4], it was shown that the glaze rich in ZnO would be crystallized in the calcium silicate form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of K2O/ZnO+CaO Ratio on Density, Glass Forming Ability, Crystallization of SiO2- Al2O3- ZnO- K2O- CaO Frites

faghinia

Salami

Khakpour

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The frites by mole fraction of 2.5 SiO2, 0.20 Al2O3, 0.15 B2O3, 0.15ZnO, 0.17K2O, 0.67CaO systems in three ratios of S including 0.37(denoted by F1frites ),0.31(F2), 0.24(F3) (S=K2O/CaO+ZnO) were studied. ZnO powder with 500 nm (N series) and >1μm sizes (F series) opted from the recycled Zn ingots dusts and commercially ZnO respectively, were used as the raw materials. By decreasing the S ratio, the Molar Volumes of frites were decreased, The glass transition ΔTg(=-154ºC), and the crystallization temperatures ΔTp (=+17ºC) values were decreased and increased respectively. It was shown that the GS (glass stability) values are independent of the Zinc Oxide's powder size, while the Molar Volumes of N series were lower than the F ones. The Zinc Silicate (Willemite) beside Anorthite and Parawollastonite phases were crystallized in the resulted glazes. The hardness values were in 700-850 Hv range, the transparency and whiteness were higher than 80 and 60 respectively.

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“…Glass‐ceramic glazes are interesting materials that improve mechanical and optical properties of floor and wall tiles such as high chemical and abrasion resistance, high surface hardness and good coating capability for clay support . The firing cycles used in the manufacture of ceramic tiles are extremely rapid—usually less than 60 minutes—and the maximum firing temperature does not exceed 1200°C . Controlled crystallization process during fast‐firing guarantees adequate crystallinity as well as sufficient flow‐ability and maturing of glass‐ceramic glazes to provide a homogeneous microcrystalline structure …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ZnO/MgO ratio on the crystallization and optical properties of spinel opaque glazes

et al. 2017

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The effect of the ZnO/MgO ratio on the crystallization and optical properties of glass-ceramic glazes from the SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -ZnO-MgO-CaO-K 2 O-Na 2 O-B 2 O 3 system was studied. The glazes with different ZnO/MgO ratios were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis and a spectrophotometer. The results reveal that the A glaze without ZnO content contains forsterite and sapphirine. The B and C glazes with intermediate ZnO/MgO ratio contain enstatite and spinel solid solution. The D to F glazes with higher ZnO/MgO ratio crystallize spinel solid solution as the only crystalline phase. The amount of spinel solid solution, lightness values (L*), gloss values and the reflectance of the studied glazes increase with the ZnO/MgO ratio.

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Factors affecting glaze transparency of ceramic tiles manufactured by the single firing technique

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Waste recycling of cathode ray tube glass through industrial production of transparent ceramic frits

Waste recycling of cathode ray tube glass through industrial production of transparent ceramic frits

Effect of K2O/ZnO+CaO Ratio on Density, Glass Forming Ability, Crystallization of SiO2- Al2O3- ZnO- K2O- CaO Frites

Effect of ZnO/MgO ratio on the crystallization and optical properties of spinel opaque glazes

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