“…Ertmer's seminal work on first and second-order barriers to change (Ertmer, 1999) is a well-accepted approach that describes teachers' perspectives on barriers based on the notion that 'the decision regarding whether and how to use technology for instruction rests on the shoulders of classroom teachers' (Ertmer, 2005, p. 27). Literature on first-order and second-order barriers reveals that the most recurrent first-order type of barriers as the lack of technological resources, the lack or low quality of professional development, the lack of time or excessive workload, the lack of technical support, and the lack of technology integration in the curriculum (Buabeng-Andoh Charles, 2012;Curir, de Romeri, & Murante, 2010;Mumtaz, 2000). On the other hand, the most recurrent second-order barriers listed are the lack of competencies, skills, or expertise; negative attitudes and beliefs towards technology; teachers' lack of confidence; and resistance to change (Bingimlas, 2009).…”