Factors Associated with Cure after Therapy of Clinical Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Sol, J.; Sampimon, O.C.; Barkema, Herman W.; Schukken, Y.H.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(00)74875-2

Cited by 156 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Cure and re-infection during the dry period of CNS cases, however, could not be ruled out, as milk samples were only collected at drying off and after calving and not during the dry period. The cure rate during the dry period of non-agalactiae pathogenic streptococcal IMI was reported to be between 77 % and 90 % 14,53,59 , which correlates with the high cure rate found in this trial. However, the sample size was very small.…”

Section: Cure Ratesupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Sandholm 46 reported that each month a STA infection persisted in the udder, the prognosis worsened by 20 % if the original cure was 100 %. The cure rate of STA decreases with the age of the cows (from 81 % for cows <48 months to 55 % for cows >96 months) and with the number of infected quarters (from 73 % for 1 infected quarter to 56 % for 4 infected quarters) 42,46,53 .…”

Section: Cure Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…data). CNS are opportunistic skin flora pathogens 48 and most developed countries now report CNS as an important cause of IMI 50,53 . The dry period appears to be the origin of many new IMIs with CNS 21 .…”

Section: New Imismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intramammary infection rate during the dry period in cows that received blanket dry cow therapy : efficacy of 6 different dry-cow intra-mammary antimicrobial products

Petzer¹,

Lourens²,

Schans³

et al. 2009

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of 6 different dry-cow intramammary antimicrobial products for the treatment and prevention of mastitis during the dry period in a well-managed high producing Friesland dairy herd, and the influence of treatment on the somatic cell count (SCC) of cows during early lactation. One of 6 dry-cow intramammary antimicrobial products was randomly allocated to 162 cows due for drying off over a period of 14 months. All cows were sampled twice prior to drying off, and twice after calving for the determination of SCC and presence of microorganisms. The quarter prevalence of pathogens at drying off and post-calving, the overall quarter cure rate and the rate of new intramammary infections occurring during the dry period were determined. The overall quarter prevalence of intramammary infections (IMIs) at drying off was 29.78 % and after calving 22.22 %.There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the prevalence of major and minor pathogens at drying off (7.87 % and 21.91 %) and at calving (4.47 % and 17.75 %). The most prevalent pathogens isolated at drying off (21.14 %) and at calving (16.98 %) were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The quarter cure rate during the dry period was 83.94 %. The cure rate for the major pathogens (98%) was significantly better (P < 0.05) than that for minor pathogens (78.9 %).The overall quarter cure rate varied from 72.3 % to 93.9 % for the various products. The rate of new quarter infections during the dry period was 17.44 % with a significant difference (P<0.05), between the prevalence of new quarter infections with major (4.32 %) and minor pathogens (13.12 %). CNS was the most prevalent pathogen causing new quarter infections (12.34 %) and the rate o f new quarter infections varied from 13.4 % to 24.1 % for the various products.It is concluded that there is a difference in efficacy between antimicrobial intramammary dry-cow products in their ability to cure and prevent new IMIs during the dry period. Dry-cow products are mainly formulated for efficacy against Gram-positive cocci, while providing no or little protection against Gram-negative bacteria. Therapeutic levels may persist for only 14 to 28 days into the dry period and fail to protect the udder during the last trimester. Dry-cow therapy should, however, always form part of a holistic approach to the dry period which also considers cow factors, dry-cow management, microorganisms and the environment of the dry cow.

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Section: Cure Ratesupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Cure Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

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Intramammary infection rate during the dry period in cows that received blanket dry cow therapy : efficacy of 6 different dry-cow intra-mammary antimicrobial products

Petzer¹,

Lourens²,

Schans³

et al. 2009

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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“…Risk factors for bacteriological cure of Staphylococcus aureus infections following antibiotic treatment were reported previously. They included age, number of infected quarters, quarter location and stage of lactation and severity of the inflammation (Sol et al, 2000;Barkema et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Regimens of Nigella sativa Extract for Treatment of Subclinical Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Azadi¹,

Farzaneh²

2010

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: Little research has focused on treatment of cows with subclinical mastitis during lactation. The seed of Nigella sativa Linn. (Ranunculaceae), commonly known as black seed or black cumin, is used in folk (herbal) medicine. Approach: Objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa Extract (NSE) with two regimens for treatment of subclinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows and to determine which regimen enhanced efficacy of it. Results: From one hundred Holstein dairy research herd in Mashhad-Iran, 83 cows with a total of 157 subclinically Staphylococcus aureus infected quarters were included. Cows were enrolled in the study based on milk somatic cell counts >200,000 mL −1 and isolation of Staphylococcus aureus in 3 samples obtained 1 week apart. About 10 cc of NSE (in paraffin: 200 mg cc −1 ) was administered via intramammary infusion. First, Cows were divided into three treatment groups. Group 1 (37 cows) received intramammary infusion at each milking (3 times daily) for 3 days with 10 cc NSE. Group 2 (24 cows) received the same intramammary infusion but only once daily for 3 days. The third, 22 cows were included as an untreated negative control group. Results in bacteriologic cure of 69.4% of quarters and 59.5% of cows (Group 1) compared to 60% of quarters and 45.8% of cows (Group 2). Test for mastitis diagnosis Somatic cell counts of milk from quarters that were not cured were higher prior to initiation of treatment than those cured. A bacteriological cure was defined as a treated infected mammary quarter that was bacteriologically negative for the presence of S. aureus at 3-7 day after the last treatment. Conclusion: All two Nigella sativa treatment regimens were significantly better than the negative control and the nine dose Nigella sativa treatment regimen treatment group was not significantly better than the three dose treatment group (p = 0.332).

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“…The IRCM and BMSCC levels are not necessarily correlated (Barkema et al 1998a). Still, even when clinical cure after treatment is achieved, bacteriological cure is rarely better than 70% (Sol et al 2000;Pinz on-S anchez et al 2011). Indeed, CM cases might develop into subclinical mastitis characterized by an elevated SCC in the months thereafter and thus potentially increasing the BMSCC.…”

Section: Incidence Rate Of Clinical Mastitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Herd level approach to high bulk milk somatic cell count problems in dairy cattle

Barkema

Vliegher

Piepers

et al. 2013

Veterinary Quarterly

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Since the introduction of the standard mastitis prevention program in the late 1960s, enormous progress has been made in decreasing the average bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC). In many countries, reduction of BMSCC has been encouraged through premium payments or penalty systems. However, the success of the program depends heavily on consistent implementation of management practices. The approach to problem solving in a herd with high BMSCC must include the following elements: (1) problem definition using primary udder health parameters; (2) detection of cows causing the problem; (3) definition of short-and long-term goals; (4) formulation and implementation of a herd management plan; and (5) evaluation of the results. Findings and plans are recorded for use at follow-up visits. Every high BMSCC problem can be solved if farmers are sufficiently motivated, if farm advisors are sufficiently knowledgeable, and if farmer and advisors work together according to a jointly determined plan.

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Factors Associated with Cure after Therapy of Clinical Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 156 publications

References 17 publications

Intramammary infection rate during the dry period in cows that received blanket dry cow therapy : efficacy of 6 different dry-cow intra-mammary antimicrobial products

Intramammary infection rate during the dry period in cows that received blanket dry cow therapy : efficacy of 6 different dry-cow intra-mammary antimicrobial products

Comparison of Two Regimens of Nigella sativa Extract for Treatment of Subclinical Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Herd level approach to high bulk milk somatic cell count problems in dairy cattle

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