Factors Associated with Self-Injurious Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Findings from Two Large National Samples

Soke, Gnakub N.; Rosenberg, Steven A.; Hamman, Richard F.; Fingerlin, Tasha E.; Rosenberg, Cordelia Robinson; Carpenter, Laura A.; Lee, L. C.; Giarelli, Ellen; Wiggins, Lisa D.; Durkin, Maureen S.; Reynolds, Ann; DiGuiseppi, Carolyn

doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2951-x

Cited by 55 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…; Soke et al . ). In addition, individuals with SIB showed more impairment in SRS‐2 total scores than those without SIB, suggesting that individuals with SIB also display increased challenges in their social functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These findings are somewhat inconsistent with previous work, which has largely found that younger children (Soke et al . ), individuals with higher ASD severity, and higher levels of RRBs and hyperactivity/impulsivity are more likely to engage in SIB (Baghdadli et al . ; Oliver et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Soke et al . ). However, these risk markers only seem to explain a small portion of variance in explaining the presence of SIB in people with ASD (Dempsey et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…autism severity; Richman et al 2013) and the presence of SIB. Other risk markers that extend beyond the more traditionally examined characteristics associated with the presence of SIB include increased engagement in repetitive behaviours, atypical sensory processing, impulsivity, greater social impairment, lower mood and anxiety (Richman et al 2013;Rattaz et al 2015;Dempsey et al 2016;Richards et al 2016;Soke et al 2017). However, these risk markers only seem to explain a small portion of variance in explaining the presence of SIB in people with ASD (Dempsey et al 2016)about 12% was explained by atypical sensory processing, and 4% was attributed to cognitive and social-communication impairments (Duerden et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) and developmental regression (Soke et al . ) have been implicated. Gender differences, on the other hand, do not seem to be associated with the presence of SIB (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐injurious behaviours in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Gulsrud

Lin

Park

et al. 2018

J intellect Disabil Res

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Utilising a diverse clinic-referred sample and standardised diagnostic tools, this study explored retrospective and current correlate risk markers of SIB in individuals with ASD. In addition to impairments in current functioning, specific early developmental delays and perinatal risk factors were preliminarily associated with the presence of SIB in individuals with ASD. Together these findings suggest that a set of specific characteristics may be related to both early risk and concurrent manifestation of SIB. Identifying this set of characteristics in early development may lead to faster identification and better intervention services, but future work utilising longitudinal design and multivariate analysis is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Soke et al . ). However, these risk markers only seem to explain a small portion of variance in explaining the presence of SIB in people with ASD (Dempsey et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) and developmental regression (Soke et al . ) have been implicated. Gender differences, on the other hand, do not seem to be associated with the presence of SIB (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐injurious behaviours in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Gulsrud

Lin

Park

et al. 2018

J intellect Disabil Res

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Risk of Self-harm in Children and Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Multiple studies have reported that people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at a higher risk for self-injurious behavior and suicide. However, the magnitude of this association varies between studies. OBJECTIVE To appraise the available epidemiologic studies on the risk of self-injurious behavior and suicidality among children and adults with ASD.DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were systematically searched for epidemiologic studies on the association between ASD and self-injurious behavior and suicidality. Databases were searched from year of inception to April through June 2020. No language, age, or date restrictions were applied.STUDY SELECTION This systematic review and meta-analysis included studies with an observational design and compared self-injurious behavior (defined as nonaccidental behavior resulting in self-inflicted physical injury but without intent of suicide or sexual arousal) and/or suicidality (defined as suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, or suicide) in children (aged <20 years) or adults (aged Ն20 years) with ASD. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESISInformation on study design, study population, ASD and selfharm definitions, and outcomes were extracted by independent investigators. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Overall summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were estimated using DerSimonian-Laird random-effects models. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe ORs for the associations of ASD with self-injurious behavior and suicidality were calculated. Analyses were stratified by study setting and age groups as planned a priori. RESULTSThe search identified 31 eligible studies, which were of moderate to high quality. Of these studies, 16 (52%) were conducted in children, 13 (42%) in adults, and 2 (6%) in both children and adults. Seventeen studies assessed the association between ASD and self-injurious behavior and reported ORs that ranged from 1.21 to 18.76, resulting in a pooled OR of 3.18 (95% CI, 2.45-4.12).Sixteen studies assessed the association between ASD and suicidality and reported ORs that ranged from 0.86 to 11.10, resulting in a pooled OR of 3.32 (95% CI, 2.60-4.24). In stratified analyses, results were consistent between clinical and nonclinical settings and between children and adults. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThis study found that ASD was associated with a substantial increase in odds of self-injurious behavior and suicidality in children and adults. Further research is (continued) Key Points Question What excess risk of self-harm, including self-injurious behaviors and suicidality, is associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? Findings This systematic review and meta-analysis of 31 studies found that the pooled odds of self-harm in people with ASD was more than 3 times the odds in people without ASD. The excess odds of self-harm were found in both children and adults (although a slightly higher risk was identified in adults) across geographic regions and regardless of study designs, methods, and settings. Mea...

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Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder

2019

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Evidence suggests that youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for experiencing a mental health crisis. Yet, limited systematic research exists on this topic. This study examines the prevalence, phenomenology, and correlates of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with ASD. Participants included 462 parents of individuals with ASD (83% male, 86% Caucasian, M = 13.7 years, SD = 4.7) who were enrolled in the Interactive Autism Network, a large online registry of families of individuals with ASD. Parents completed the Mental Health Crisis Assessment Scale, a psychometrically sound measure of mental health crisis for youth with ASD, as well as measures of parental depression, family quality of life, and mental health treatment history. Overall, 32% of parents reported that their child had experienced a mental health crisis during the last 3 months. In the younger group, elopement (88%) and self‐injury (81%) were the most frequent behaviors contributing to crisis; physical (60%) and verbal (42%) aggression were the most frequent crisis behaviors in the older group. Correlates of crisis included younger age, increased parental depressive symptoms, and lower family quality of life. Approximately 75% of individuals in crisis had seen a psychiatrist or behavioral therapist/psychologist within the last 3 months and 25% were not engaged in any mental health treatment. In summary, mental health crises were quite prevalent in this online sample of youth with ASD. Identification and treatment of these serious events is critical to reduce morbidity in this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 112–121. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThis study examines the prevalence and characteristics of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. We found that 32% of individuals in our study had experienced a mental health crisis within the last 3 months. Younger age, increased parental depression, and lower quality of life were associated with crisis. These findings emphasize the importance of developing child and family‐based interventions to prevent and treat the mental health crisis in this population.

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Factors Associated with Self-Injurious Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Findings from Two Large National Samples

Cited by 55 publications

References 72 publications

Self‐injurious behaviours in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Self‐injurious behaviours in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Risk of Self-harm in Children and Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder

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