Factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Colombia 2013–2015: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Background Multidrug- and rifampicin (RMP)-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) requires prolonged and expensive treatment, which is difficult to sustain in the Colombian health system. This requires the joint action of different providers to provide timely health services to people with TB. Identifying factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in patients with MDR/RR-TB who received drug therapy between 2013 and 2015 in Colombia can help guide the strengthening of the national TB control program. Method A retrospective cohort study was conducted with all patients who received treatment for MDR/RR-TB between January 2013 and December 2015 in Colombia who were registered and followed up by the national TB control program. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the associations between the exposure variables with the response variable (treatment outcome). Results A total of 511 patients with MDR/RR-TB were registered and followed up by the national TB control program in Colombia, of whom 16 (3.1%) had extensive drug resistance, 364 (71.2%) had multidrug resistance, and 131 (25.6%) had RMP monoresistance. The mean age was 39.9 years (95% confidence interval (CI): 38.5–41.3), most patients were male 285 (64.6%), and 299 (67.8%) were eligible for subsidized health services. The rate of unfavorable treatment outcomes in the RR-TB cohort was 50.1%, with rates of 85.7% for patients with extensive drug resistance, 47.6% for patients with multidrug resistance, and 52.6% for patients with RMP monoresistance. The 511 MDR/RR-TB patients were included in bivariate and multivariate analyses, patients age ≥ 60 years (crude odds ratio (ORc) = 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.8; adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–6.8) and subsidized health regime affiliation (ORc = 3.6, 95% CI 2.3–5.6; ORa = 3.4, 95% CI 2.0–6.0) were associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes. Conclusion More than 50% of the patients with MDR/RR-TB in Colombia experienced unfavorable treatment outcomes. The patients who were eligible for subsidized care were more likely to experience unfavorable treatment outcomes. Those who were older than 60 years were also more likely to experience unfavorable treatment outcomes.

Assessment of Factors Associated with Unfavorable Outcomes among Drug-Resistant TB Patients: A 6-Year Retrospective Study from Pakistan

“…In the present study, the prevalence of death rate was 21.7%; this figure was similar to reports from previous studies conducted in Colombia, India, and South Africa [30][31][32]. However, this was lower than the death rate reported in studies from Western India and Ukraine [25,26].…”

Socioepidemiological status and clinical outcome of MDR TB patients in a tertiary medical college in Southern Odisha

“…Comparable to our study, Chaves-Torres NM et al . [ 32 ] study in Colombia found successful treatment in 49.9% MDR/RR-TB cohort. El Hamdouni et al .…”

Weight variation increases the risk of death during the intensive phase of treatment among MDR-TB patients: A retrospective study

“…The overall mortality was 30% and the mortality rate during the intensive phase was 23%; this frequency was similar to results from previous studies conducted in Pakistan and Colombia while lower from the India. 6,9,10 When death due to MDR-TB was considered, underweight was associated with an increased risk of mortality during MDR-TB treatment in our study. This association between underweight and the active tuberculosis has been thoroughly mentioned in scientific literature.…”