Factors influencing presence–absence of oak (<i>Quercus</i>spp<i>.</i>) seedlings after conservation-oriented partial cutting of high forests in Sweden

Götmark, Frank; Schott, Kaitlin M.; Jensen, Anna M.

doi:10.1080/02827581.2010.536570

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Oaks are known to survive repeated partial removal of the above-stump parts by resprouting (Braithwaite & Mayhead 1996;Harmer 2001) and Götmark and Kiffer (2014) showed that oaks can regenerate in the long term among competing tree species (especially shade-tolerant trees) and under browsing pressure from herbivores. This tolerance of oak to browsing in favourable environments should allow the use of natural methods of protection, such as the spatial arrangement of preferred plants in relation to less preferred ones (Moore et al 1999;Bergman et al 2005) or the use of slash or surrounding vegetation as physical protection or attractive alternative food (Hay 1986;Buckley et al 1998;Miller et al 2006;de Chantal & Granström 2007;Gómez-Apar icio et al 2004;Götmark et al 2011;Jensen et al 2012). As suggested by Ward et al (2008), these efforts to protect oak regeneration should be combined with deer population management based on reliable indexbased methods (Morellet et al 2007), allowing deer densities to be matched with habitat capacities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term browsing by roe deer has little effect on survival and growth of sessile oak seedlings

Bideau¹,

Maublanc²,

Picot³

et al. 2015

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term browsing by roe deer has little effect on survival and growth of sessile oak seedlings

Bideau¹,

Maublanc²,

Picot³

et al. 2015

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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“…The use of prescribed fire will be of particular importance, due to the impractical cost of repeated mechanical encroachment removal, the role fire may play in reducing the height of understory vegetation, which can impede oak regeneration (e.g., Lorimer et al, 1994;Götmark et al, 2011), and the purported keystone role of fire in maintaining oak savanna understory diversity (Anderson, 1998). Future overstory recruitment of Q. alba will be critical to the continued, long-term persistence of these sites as oak savannas , 2008, 2009b; however, our results suggest that relict trees will maintain oak savanna overstory conditions into at least the near future.…”

Section: Implications For Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of woody encroachment and restoration thinning on overstory savanna oak tree growth rates

Brudvig

Blunck

Asbjornsen

et al. 2011

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…replicated experiments at several sites with no formal a priori plan for extrapolating to the population. Only two papers, namely Götmark et al (2011) and Ligot (2014), were assigned to the second highest evidence level. Studying up to 25 different experimental sites in uneven-aged forests in southern Sweden, Götmark et al (2011) examined the effect of canopy cover and competing vegetation on the natural regeneration of sessile and pedunculated oak, but most of the measurements were taken for the latter species.…”

Section: Type Of Publication Confidence Level and Study Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the knowns and unknowns of natural regeneration of silviculturally managed sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) forests—a literature review

Köhler

Pyttel

Kuehne

et al. 2020

Annals of Forest Science

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Key message This literature review identified the main factors for the success of different silvicultural approaches to regenerate sessile oak naturally and unveiled at the same time important knowledge gaps. Most previous studies were only short-term and restricted to a few factors and single locations. Hence, the findings of these studies are of limited explanatory power and do not allow to develop general, widely applicable management recommendations. Context Successful natural regeneration of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) through silvicultural actions depends on a number of biotic, abiotic and management factors and their interactions. However, owing to a limited understanding about the influence of these critical factors, there is great uncertainty about suitable silvicultural approaches for natural oak regeneration, in particular regarding the size of canopy openings and speed of canopy removal. Aims This study aimed at critically evaluating documented information on natural regeneration of sessile oak. Specifically, we identified (i) the factors that determine the success of approaches for natural regeneration and (ii) evaluated the evidence base associated with different silvicultural approaches. Methods A comprehensive literature search was done considering relevant peer-reviewed publications of ISI-listed journals as well as non-ISI listed published papers and reports by practitioners. Out of more than 260 collected references, a set of 53 silvicultural ‘core publications’ was identified and analyzed using a catalogue of numeric and categorical evaluation criteria. Results The most important factors determining regeneration success extracted from the literature were light availability, presence of competing vegetation, initial oak seedling density, browsing of seedlings and intensity of stand tending measures. However, the review revealed also great uncertainty regarding the interactions between these factors and the magnitude of their influence. Most studies were of short duration and restricted to single locations. In only 20% of the experimental studies, the observation period exceeded five years. Total costs of regeneration efforts were quantified and reported in only two studies. This lack of data on the expenses of different approaches to natural oak regeneration appears to be one of the most crucial knowledge deficits revealed in this literature review. Conclusion Natural regeneration of sessile oak may be achieved under a wide range of canopy openings, if competing vegetation and browsing is negligible, seedling density is high and tending to remove competing vegetation is carried out consistently. However, since the silvicultural regeneration success depends on the interactions among these factors, which have often not been adequately considered, we caution against general recommendations for silvicultural systems developed from case studies and call for new long-term studies with comprehensive experimental designs.

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Factors influencing presence–absence of oak (Quercusspp.) seedlings after conservation-oriented partial cutting of high forests in Sweden

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Short-term browsing by roe deer has little effect on survival and growth of sessile oak seedlings

Short-term browsing by roe deer has little effect on survival and growth of sessile oak seedlings

Influences of woody encroachment and restoration thinning on overstory savanna oak tree growth rates

On the knowns and unknowns of natural regeneration of silviculturally managed sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) forests—a literature review

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