Factors Influencing Self-Identity and Menopausal Symptoms on Level of Depression in Middle Aged Women

Abstract

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing self-identity and menopausal symptoms their influence on level of depression in middle-aged woman. Methods: Participants were 135 middle-aged women who were living in city B, were 45-60 years old, informed of study purpose, and agreed to participate. Data were collected from December, 2012 to January, 2013 using scales measuring depression, self-identity, and menopausal symptoms. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson Correlation Coefficients, and Multiple Stepwise Regression. Results: Level of depression was low, self-identity was slightly high, and menopausal symptoms were relatively low in these middle-aged women. There were significant differences in depression by perceived health status and perceived economic status. Depression had a moderate negative correlation with self-identity (r=-.49, p<.001) and a moderate positive correlation with menopausal symptoms (r=.57, p<.001). Menopausal psychological symptoms were the factor most affecting depression and explained 37% of the variance in depression. A total of 51% of variance in depression was explained by menopausal symptoms (psychological and physical), self-identity, and perceived economic status. Conclusion: Thus, an effort to improve self-identity, especially a plan to attenuate menopausal psychological symptoms is needed to reduce depression.

Designing mHealth intervention for Women in Menopausal Period

“…Further, severity of psychological and physical symptoms and knowledge level on menopause are shown to be affecting attitude. [11] Therefore, there should be a change of trend where their conditions are accurately measured and provided beforehand, so that they can positively react to the change and nurture the ability to control their behavior. [15] C. mobile intervention for wellness of woman in menopause There already exists mobile applications for menopause management.…”

“…It was found that the level of knowledge on menopause is positively correlated to the behavior to improve their health. Most maintained healthy lifestyle if they have adequate information [11]. Symptoms differ from each menopausal stage [8].…”

Menopause Knowledge, Attitude, Symptom and Management among Midlife Employed Women

“…Low-level depression, slightly high-degree of self-identity and relatively less climacteric symptoms are found in Korean middle-aged women. 4 Menopause knowledge is low in Korean women. Middle-aged women with more knowledge of menopause were more likely to manage menopause better, and those having more negative attitudes toward menopause were found to experience negative menopause symptoms.…”

The Influence of Health Status and Type of Health Management on Depression in Middle-Aged Women

“…그동안 국내 연구로는 우울의 영향요인 (Chang & Cha, 2003;Jun, Kim, Lee, & Kim, 2004), 운동이 중년여성의 우울에 미 치는 영향 (Koji, Toshihiko, Katsutoshi, Masashi, & Yoshiharu, 2007), 폐경기 여성의 우울 (Deek & McCabe, 2004;Han & Lee, 2013;Kim & Kim, 2013;Kwon, Nah, Kim, Joe, & Cho, 2016), 중년여성의 우울에 사회적 지지가 미치는 영향 (Kim & Kim, 2013;Koji et al, 2007), 만성질환과 우울과의 관계 (Kwon et al, 2016;Seo, Choi, Kim, Lee, & Oh, 2017…”