Factors of soil and atmospheric air degradation and their influence on the state of plants in urban and suburban ecosystems

Abstract

Abstract. This paper presents data on characteristics and extent of degradation of soil quality, atmospheric air and plants in urban and suburban areas of the Lower and Middle Volga region, Central Chernozem region. The goal of the research is to analyze and present data of environmental monitoring of soil, atmosphere and plants. On the example of the Saratov, Voronezh and Penza Regions, the values of the state of terrestrial ecosystems on different types of soils are established. The predominant position in terms of area and economic use is occupied by soils transformed in the course of urban development, as well as artificial soils. Compaction, anthropogenic inclusions, littering and heavy metal contamination are of great importance in the degradation of the soil cover. In the air-technogenic pollution, the formation and deposition of dust on the leaf surface of plants plays a significant role. Bioindicative signs in the analysis of the state of the environment and ecological systems were indicators of the viability, condition and stability of trees and shrubs. They are obtained based on average data from the research and subsequent assessment of life status. Separately, the indicators of degradation of woody plants assimilation organs depending on the levels of unfavorable soil-ecological and aerogenic conditions in urban and suburban ecosystems of the studied regions are considered. The significance of degradation of environmental objects by analyzed anthropotechnogenic factors is reflected in the correlation analysis results.

Features of the Territorial Distribution, Composition and Structure of Phytocenoses with the Participation of Fraxinus excelsior, Their Resource Qualities, Ecological and Economic Importance (Southeastern Part of the East European Plain)

“…In relation to Fraxinus excelsior L. and other native tree species in natural and artificial ecosystems, it is objectively required to ensure constant phytosanitary and ecological monitoring [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Different types of monitoring [ 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ] should not be local. The phytosanitary and ecological monitoring of the common ash and related woody plants in phytocenoses should be implemented throughout their natural range and culture.…”

Biodigestion System Made of Polyethylene and Polystyrene Insulator for Dog Farm (on the Example of the Republic of Chile)

“…Nature management has led to the weakening of ecosystems in various territories. This has been observed in the conditions of various industrial complexes [7][8][9][10], transport systems [11][12][13], and settlements [14][15][16], as well as natural [6,[17][18][19] and naturaleconomic complexes [20][21][22][23]. Waste is of particular importance in relation to the deterioration of the quality of the environment, and in the oppression and weakening of ecosystems and human health.…”