Factors related to loss of HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity

Abstract

Most HIV-infected individuals retain CD8 anti-HIV CTL with in vitro proliferative potential, even when antigen is limited. Those who lose HIV-specific CTL responses generally show past or current evidence of severe disease progression or activity.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in Chinese infected with HIV-1 B'/C Recombinant (CRF07_BC)

“…In the past decade, the correlation between CTL responses and immune control of HIV-1 infection has been extensively explored and controversial results have been reported[ 5 , 8 , 13 , 28 , 39 - 42 ]. A recent study has demonstrated that CTL responses to different HIV proteins have discordant associations with plasma viral load, which results in effective CTL responses without a demonstrable biological impact in chronic HIV infection[ 7 ].…”

Th17 Cytokines and the Gut Mucosal Barrier

“…HIV infects CD4+ T cells in the gut as early as a few weeks after infection, resulting in almost complete loss of this cell population [12–14]. Loss of mucosal CD4+ T-helper cells consequently results in a loss of function of both B cells and CD8+ T cells [15]. In HIV patients, CD4+ T cell depletion results in increased susceptibility to bacteremia caused by intestinal pathogens (mostly Salmonella , but also Shigella and Campylobacter ) [16–18].…”

Human leucocyte antigen-Bw4 and Gag-specific T cell responses are associated with slow disease progression in HIV-1B-infected anti-retroviral therapy-naive Chinese

“…In the past decade, the correlation between T cell responses and immune control of HIV‐1 infection has been explored extensively, and some controversial results have been reported . Some previous studies have shown an inverse correlation between the magnitude and frequency of HIV‐specific CD8 + T cells and plasma VL , whereas such correlations were not observed in other studies .…”