Factors that prolong the ‘postmortem interval until finding’ (PMI-f) among community-dwelling elderly individuals in Japan: analysis of registration data

Ito, Tomoko; Tamiya, Nanako; Takahashi, Hideto; Yamazaki, Kentaro; Yamamoto, Hideki; Sakano, Shoji; Kashiwagi, Masayo; Miyaishi, Satoru

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001280

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Besides the donor's age, further variables were considered as potential influences on the vitreal viscoelasticity. The period from time of death to final vitreous extraction (postmortem interval) was proven as positive correlative with age and is in accordance with previous studies that attributed prolonged postmortem intervals until finding of elderly individuals with certain household situations (e.g., living alone) 27. After death, the characteristic of human vitreous bodies are changing with time 28.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Age-Related Loss of Human Vitreal Viscoelasticity

Schulz

Wahl

Rickmann

et al. 2019

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose To determine the viscoelasticity of human vitreous bodies and its changes with age in order to benefit the understanding and therapy of vitreoretinal diseases. Methods In a postmortem study, 190 human vitreous bodies were extracted from 33- to 92-year-old donors, analyzed with regard to their viscoelastic properties via dynamic mechanical analyses, and compared with bovine and porcine vitreous. Postmortem intervals and donor-related parameters were examined as potential parameters influencing vitreous viscoelasticity. Dynamic moduli of different hyaluronic acid (HA) solutions as well as human vitreous treated with HA injections were determined by frequency sweep tests. Results With age the viscoelasticity of human vitreous bodies decreased significantly and independently of postmortem intervals, diabetes, and the donor's sex. The storage modulus G′ and loss modulus G″ correlated strongly with the donor's age with r = −0.789 and r = −0.764, respectively. Bovine and porcine vitreous bodies exhibited dynamic moduli comparable only to the viscoelastic properties of aged human vitreous and are thus limited models for the simulation of the human vitreous. The viscoelasticity of aged human vitreous bodies was found to be increased after intravitreal injections of highly concentrated HA. Conclusions The present postmortem study is the first to show a significant age-related reduction in the viscoelasticity of entire human vitreous bodies. Highly concentrated HA injections may serve as a possible therapeutic approach for restoring the viscoelasticity of aged vitreous bodies. Translational Relevance These findings improve the understanding and therapy of the vitreous liquefaction with age and the associated vitreoretinal diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Age-Related Loss of Human Vitreal Viscoelasticity

Schulz

Wahl

Rickmann

et al. 2019

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…On the other hand, even for persons who were not living alone, there are a certain number of solitary deaths due to isolation within their households. Thus, it has been strongly argued that, regardless of whether a person lives alone, there are cases that should be considered as solitary deaths when enough time elapsed between the person’s death and the discovery of death [3, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A descriptive study of solitary death in Yokohama City

Kakiuchi

Nagao

Ochiai

et al. 2019

Environ Health Prev Med

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BackgroundThe solitary death rate in Japan is expected to continue increasing because of its growing super-aged society and the rapid growth of home care in the country. To accurately determine the actual status of solitary deaths, we used a novel analysis method of combining vital statistics and ambulatory care information in Yokohama City.MethodsData of persons who died at home in 2013 were obtained from death certificate notifications. We also obtained the emergency transportation records that matched the cases of these death certificate notifications. Then, we gathered information regarding age, gender, marital status, and cause of death for the matched cases.ResultsThere were 1890 “suspected unnatural deaths,” in which most solitary deaths could be included, among all citizens who died at home (n = 4847). We were able to match 1503 of these cases with emergency transportation records. These 1503 cases were divided into two groups, “solitary death” (n = 349) and “un-solitary death” (n = 1154) according to the postmortem interval until finding (PMI-f). Pearson’s χ2 tests conducted for the two groups revealed that there were significant differences regarding the proportion of persons who were elderly, unmarried, male, and had a hepatic disease and senility. A logistic regression analysis also showed that an increased likelihood of a prolonged PMI-f was associated with males and an unmarried status with hepatic diseases.ConclusionsUnmarried, male sex, and liver diseases are independent risks for solitary death in Yokohama City.

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“…For example, for people with poor social contact there might be long post mortem intervals until finding of their corpses (e.g. up to one year [15]). Furthermore burglaries of seldom used estates are discovered with delay of months sometimes.…”

Section: Discussion Of Results From a Police Authority Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

First investigation of latent fingerprints long-term aging using chromatic white light sensors

Merkel

Otte

Clausing

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Information Hiding and Multimedia Security

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Non-invasive high-resolution Chromatic White Light (CWL) measurement devices offer great potential for solving the challenge of latent fingerprints age determination. In this paper, we place 40 prints from different subjects on hard disk platters and capture them from three different indoor locations every week over 1.5 years, acquiring high-resolution time series (10 µm and 20 µm). In contrast to prior findings from Popa et al. (using glass substrates) we show that the ridge thickness of our very precise images does not significantly decrease over time (test goal 1). We furthermore show that pores exhibit a significant loss in contrast and contour, which might lead to the impression of becoming bigger and fewer (test goal 2). Computing the contrast based Binary Pixel aging feature (test goal 3), we observe very characteristic results, leading to the conclusion that the dominant aging property seems to be an overall loss of image contrast rather than a specific change of ridge thickness or pore size. Comparing our findings between three different indoor locations (test goal 4) and discussing them from a police point of view, we conclude that sweat composition, environmental influences and scan parameters have a significant impact on fingerprints long-term aging.

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Factors that prolong the ‘postmortem interval until finding’ (PMI-f) among community-dwelling elderly individuals in Japan: analysis of registration data

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Age-Related Loss of Human Vitreal Viscoelasticity

Age-Related Loss of Human Vitreal Viscoelasticity

A descriptive study of solitary death in Yokohama City

First investigation of latent fingerprints long-term aging using chromatic white light sensors

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