Faecal bacterial composition in dairy cows shedding <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> in faeces in comparison with nonshedding cows

Kaevska, Marija; Vídeňská, Petra; Sedlář, Karel; Bartejsova, Iva; Králová, Alena; Slaná, Iva

doi:10.1139/cjm-2015-0814

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The core microbes of the terminal rectum were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria [125]. These findings were consistent with other studies looking at rectum content in dairy cows [126] and fecal microbes in beef and dairy cattle [127][128][129][130]. Additionally, Wang et al determined that there were unique microbes associated with NS that may be also be associated with propionate and butyrate production [125].…”

Section: Ruminant Microbiomes In Health and Diseasesupporting

confidence: 85%

Microbiomes in ruminant protein production and food security.

Myer¹,

Clemmons²,

Schneider³

et al. 2019

CABI Reviews

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The global population is rapidly increasing and will surpass 10 billion people within the next 20 years. As diminishing resources continue to impact agriculture, and with the necessity to feed the world by 2050, the agricultural sector must be able to sustainably and efficiently produce high-quality sources of food that are both attainable to the global population and contribute to healthy, balanced nutrition. Ruminants are a unique contributor towards a sustainable and food secure world, as they are available and utilized across all economic and social demographics, and can produce high-quality protein from otherwise inedible plants from land that is typically unsuitable for crop production or cultivation. Thus, developing tools, methodologies, and systems for optimizing the production of protein from ruminants stands to make great impacts on food security. Breeding and genetics have played a role in this development, but cannot be a singular solution. Microbes are present at abundances that equal or exceed host cell counts, are ubiquitous throughout all mammalian systems and are required for regular host-physiological functions. Optimizing these host-microbe-symbioses in ruminants permits the opportunity to augment the utility and efficiency of microbiomes and their functions to produce production-specific phenotypes and outputs. This review, therefore, examines the role of microbiomes in ruminants to efficiently and sustainably produce high-quality protein for human consumption to aid in efforts to achieve global food security.

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Section: Ruminant Microbiomes In Health and Diseasesupporting

confidence: 85%

Microbiomes in ruminant protein production and food security.

Myer¹,

Clemmons²,

Schneider³

et al. 2019

CABI Reviews

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“…Of note, the molar proportion of acetate negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Psychrobacter (ρ = −0.61, P < 0.05) and Subdoligranulum (ρ = −0.54, P < 0.05), while that of propionate negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella (ρ = −0.57, P < 0.05) in the ileum mucosa. The relative abundance of Psychrobacter has been observed to be higher in cows with Johne's disease compared with healthy ones (Kaevska et al, 2016). On the other hand, species belonging to Subdoligranulum produce butyrate (Eeckhaut et al, 2011), the production of which requires acetate as a key intermediate (De Vuyst and Leroy, 2011), and therefore the negative correlation between its abundance and acetate proportion can be expected.…”

Section: Correlation Between Molar Proportion Of Scfa and The Relative Abundance Of Mucosa-associated Bacteria In Ileum And Colonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered mucosa-associated microbiota in the ileum and colon of neonatal calves in response to delayed first colostrum feeding

O’Hara

Song

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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The present study investigated whether delaying the first feeding of colostrum affected ileum and colon mucosa-associated microbiota in calves. Twenty-seven male Holstein calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups, fed colostrum at 45 min, 6 h, and 12 h after birth, respectively. Ileum and colon mucosa were collected at 51 h after birth, and their associated microbial profiles were assessed using amplicon sequencing. Both ileum and colon mucosa-associated microbiota were predominated by genus Escherichia-Shigella. The negative correlation between the molar proportion of shortchain fatty acids (SCFA) and ileum mucosa-associated opportunistic pathogens, and the positive correlation between the molar proportion of SCFA and colon mucosa-associated beneficial bacteria, suggest that SCFA might play an important role in maintaining the gut health of 2-d-old calves. A higher relative abundance of ileum mucosa-associated Enterococcus and Streptococcus was detected when the first colostrum feeding was delayed for 12 h. The relative abundance of colon mucosa-associated Lactobacillus tended to be lower in calves fed colostrum 12 h than those under the other 2 treatments, whereas that of Faecalibacterium tended to be lower in calves fed colostrum immediately after birth than those fed colostrum 6 and 12 h after birth, respectively. Our findings suggest that delayed first colostrum feeding affects the establishment of ileum and colon mucosa-associated bacteria, which may have long-term effects on gut health of calves.

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“…The group also noted an enrichment of lysine and histidine metabolic pathways and an underrepresentation of glutathione metabolism and leucine and isoleucine degradation pathways within the ileal mucosa-associated microbiome of the MAP-infected cattle. Another study reported greater proportions of the genus Psychrobacter and reductions in the proportions of the genera Oscillospira , Ruminococcus and Bifidobacterium in cows infected with MAP [ 121 ], while in yet another [ 122 ], an altered fecal microbiota in cattle infected with MAP was also noted. More specifically, it was found that MAP positive animals had a higher abundance of Arthrobacter (from Actinobacteria) and Proteobacteria, Alistipes, Paraprevotella and Bacteroides were reduced in abundance compared to MAP negative animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAP, Johne’s disease and the microbiome; current knowledge and future considerations

2021

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne’s disease in ruminants. As an infectious disease that causes reduced milk yields, effects fertility and, eventually, the loss of the animal, it is a huge financial burden for associated industries. Efforts to control MAP infection and Johne’s disease are complicated due to difficulties of diagnosis in the early stages of infection and challenges relating to the specificity and sensitivity of current testing methods. The methods that are available contribute to widely used test and cull strategies, vaccination programmes also in place in some countries. Next generation sequencing technologies have opened up new avenues for the discovery of novel biomarkers for disease prediction within MAP genomes and within ruminant microbiomes. Controlling Johne’s disease in herds can lead to improved animal health and welfare, in turn leading to increased productivity. With current climate change bills, such as the European Green Deal, targeting livestock production systems for more sustainable practices, managing animal health is now more important than ever before. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on genomics and detection of MAP as it pertains to Johne’s disease.

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Faecal bacterial composition in dairy cows shedding Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in faeces in comparison with nonshedding cows

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Microbiomes in ruminant protein production and food security.

Microbiomes in ruminant protein production and food security.

Altered mucosa-associated microbiota in the ileum and colon of neonatal calves in response to delayed first colostrum feeding

MAP, Johne’s disease and the microbiome; current knowledge and future considerations

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