Faecal excretion of rotavirus and other enteropathogens in newborns of the high and low socio-economic stratum in Santiago, Chile

Spencer, Eugenio; Araya, Magdalena; Sandino, Ana María; Pacheco, I; Brunser, O

doi:10.1017/s0950268800054388

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…No seasonal variation in presence of enteropathogens was observed, and these were cultured in more than one of the four samples, without preference as to which of these was the one associated with this detection. The incidence of asymptomatic shedding of C. jejuni was high, but this had been observed in other studies carried out in the southern Santiago (20,21). The C. histolyticum and C. lituseburense groups were evaluated in our study because they respectively include C. perfringens and C. difficile, two opportunist pathogens frequently implicated in antibiotic-associated diarrhea; however, no changes were observed in these bacterial populations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

Effect of a Milk Formula With Prebiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota of Infants After an Antibiotic Treatment

et al. 2006

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Antibiotics exert deleterious effects on the intestinal microbiota, favoring the emergence of opportunistic bacteria and diarrhea. Prebiotics are nondigestible food components that stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria. Our aim was to evaluate the effects on the intestinal microbiota of a prebiotic-supplemented milk formula after an antibiotic treatment. A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was carried out in 140 infants 1-2 y of age distributed into two groups after a 1-wk amoxicillin treatment (50 mg/kg/d) for acute bronchitis. The children received for 3 wk >500 mL/d of a formula with prebiotics (4.5 g/L) or a control without prebiotics. Fecal samples were obtained on d -7 (at the beginning of the antibiotic treatment), on d 0 (end of the treatment and before formula administration), and on d 7 and 21 (during formula administration). Counts of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Clostridium lituseburiense cluster, Clostridium histolyticum cluster, Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides-Prevotella were evaluated by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and flow cytometry. Tolerance and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded daily. Amoxicillin decreased total fecal bacteria and increased E. coli. The prebiotic significantly increased bifidobacteria from 8.17 +/- 1.46 on d 0 to 8.54 +/- 1.20 on d 7 compared with the control 8.22 +/- 1.24 on d 0 versus 7.95 +/- 1.54 on d 7. The Lactobacillus population showed a similar tendency while the other bacteria were unaffected. No gastrointestinal symptoms were detected during the prebiotic administration. Prebiotics in a milk formula increase fecal bifidobacteria early after amoxicillin treatment without inducing gastrointestinal symptoms.

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confidence: 62%

Effect of a Milk Formula With Prebiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota of Infants After an Antibiotic Treatment

et al. 2006

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“…Dientamoeba is now often described as being more prevalent than Giardia. 8,30,38,40,48,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] The prevalence of Dientamoeba lies between 0.3% and 52% depending on the study cohort and the diagnostic modality employed ( Table 1). It is important to note that most studies utilize light microscopy for diagnosis, which demonstrates inferior sensitivity compared to PCR or cultivation.…”

Section: A Review Of Dientamoeba Fragilis Carriage In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abdominal pain/discomfort and diarrhea are the symptoms most often described in patients harboring Dientamoeba 8,68 ( Table 2). If one were to compare Dientamoeba carriage with Giardia infections, patients harboring Dientamoeba seem more likely to experience abdominal pain compared to those infected with Giardia, 47,51 while patients harboring Dientamoeba seem less likely to experience diarrhea compared to patients infected with Giardia. 47 Other symptoms can include fecal urgency, vomiting, nausea, anorexia, weight loss and fever 8,100 though these symptoms are more likely to occur in patients infected with Giardia.…”

Section: Dientamoeba Carriage Is Associated With Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there is no consensus as to the best treatment for dientamoebiasis, numerous studies show that the resolution of symptoms after appropriate treatment is associated with the of Giardia. 8,30,38,40,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] Despite this, it is apparent that certain government authorities fail to recognize the significance of Dientamoeba. According to the government websites of the European Union, the USA, Australia and New Zealand, Giardia is on the list of organisms which must be reported to government health authorities when it is identified in patients, while Dientamoeba is not.…”

Section: Treatment Of Patients Resolves Clinical Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review ofDientamoeba fragiliscarriage in humans: Several reasons why this organism should be considered in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal illness

Barratt¹,

Harkness²,

Marriott³

et al. 2011

Gut Microbes

126

131

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Dientamoeba fragilis is a protozoan that inhabits the human gut. It is approximately 100 years since Dientamoeba's discovery and first description when it was described as a rare and harmless commensal. Since then it has struggled to gain recognition as a pathogen despite the evidence supporting its pathogenicity. Dientamoeba remains neglected, probably due to the misconceptions that it is uncommon and non-pathogenic. Usually, carriage of Dientamoeba is associated with symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Moreover, antimicrobial therapy followed by resolution of symptoms coincides with the eradication of Dientamoeba. This manuscript reviews the scientific literature relating to Dientamoeba's prevalence and pathogenicity. While much of the evidence supporting its pathogenicity is only circumstantial, it is apparent that most researchers agree that Dientamoeba is pathogenic. Therefore, in symptomatic patients who harbor Dientamoeba and no other pathogen, Dientamoeba should be considered as the etiological agent and treated as such.

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“…Tambi^n se demostrtf que la piel de las manos de las personas que manipulaban alimentos en el hogar y algunos alimentos de consumo habitual estaban altamente contaminados con bacterias fecales, independientemente del nivel socioeconomico 12 . El transito de enteropatdgenos por el tracto digestive se pesquiso" desde los primeros dias de vida y no se correlaciono con el nivel socioeconomico, lo que sugiere que depende principalmente del medio ambiente que rodea al sujeto al nacer 13 .…”

unclassified

Colonización bacteriana anormal del intestino delgado alto en escolares de nivel socioeconómico alto y bajo

T²,

Q³

1993

Rev. chil. pediatr.

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Abnormal microbiological contamination of the small intestine among school-age children of the high and low socioeconomic strataMicrobiological contamination ol the enviroment induces chronic enviromental enteropathy, characlerized by mild to moderate morphological and functional changes o( the small intestinal mucosa. Bacterial colonization was evaluated in 31 1 school aged children (1 55 of the high (H-SES] and 1 56 of the low (L-SES) socioeconomic strata) by means of Ihe breath H 2 test. Samples were obtained after overnight fast and every 15 minutes for 240 minutes following the ingestion of 1 50 mg • kg laclulose. A health queslionaire that included information about food and medicines ingestion, alcohol consumption, smoking and intolerance to foodstuffs was also applied. In 30% of the children basal H 2 excretion was above 10 ppm. In 18,1% of the H-SES and 4.5% of the L-SES (p < 0.0001) H 2 excretion was higher than 20 ppm In the first 90 minutes. Colonic peaks (> 20 ppm between 90 and 240 minutes) were detected in 78./% of the H-SES and 40,4% of the L-SES [p< 0.0001). In 1 8.7% and 48.7% of the H-SES and L-SES, respectively, curves were flat (basal excretion < 10 ppm and increments < 20 ppm). Chronic environmental enteropathy is already present in school age children. The lower breath H? excretion observed in low socioeconomic individuals may be due to diferences in quality and quantity of the diet.(Key words: enleropathy, microbiological contamination, breath H 2 excretion, laclulose, school-age children.)Una de las caracteristicas de los pai'ses subdesarrollados es el deficiente saneamiento microbioldgico del ambiente, que se traduce en alias incidencias de diarrea y de otras infecciones 1 . En el tubo digestive la contaminaci6n microbio-16gica produce alteraciones morfoltfgicas y funcionales que fueron descritas en habitantes de areas tropicales, por lo que se denominaron enteropatia tropical 2 -3 . Estas alteraciones tambi6n ocurren en zonas templadas y el grado de conta-minaci6n modifica su intensidad. Asi, estas lesiones eran maximas en paises como India o Haiti y eran mucho menores en Rhodesia (actualmente Zimbabwe) y en Chile 4 -7 . Debido a que la relacidn con la contamination del ambiente es el factor mas importante se la denomina actual-

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Faecal excretion of rotavirus and other enteropathogens in newborns of the high and low socio-economic stratum in Santiago, Chile

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of a Milk Formula With Prebiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota of Infants After an Antibiotic Treatment

Effect of a Milk Formula With Prebiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota of Infants After an Antibiotic Treatment

A review ofDientamoeba fragiliscarriage in humans: Several reasons why this organism should be considered in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal illness

Colonización bacteriana anormal del intestino delgado alto en escolares de nivel socioeconómico alto y bajo

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