Faecal shedding of antimicrobial‐resistant <i>Clostridium difficile</i> strains by dogs

Álvarez‐Pérez, Sergio; Blanco, José L.; Peláez, Teresa; Lanzarot, M. P.; Harmanus, Céline; Kuijper, Ed J.; García, Marta E.

doi:10.1111/jsap.12311

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Another well‐known human RT is RT010, which was recently also found in dogs (Álvarez‐Pérez et al . ; Rabold et al . ) and in rabbits (Drigo et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile in wild rodents and insectivores in the Netherlands

Krijger

Meerburg

Harmanus

et al. 2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

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With wild rodents and insectivores being present around humans and their living, working and food production environments, it is important to gain knowledge of the zoonotic pathogens present in these animals. The enteropathogen Clostridium difficile, an opportunistic anaerobic bacteria, can be carried by both animals and humans, and is distributed globally. It is known that there is genetic overlap between human and animal sources of C. difficile. In this study, the aim was to assess the presence of C. difficile in rodents and insectivores trapped on and around pig and cattle farms in the Netherlands. In total 347 rodents and insectivores (10 different species) were trapped and 39·2% tested positive for presence of C. difficile. For all positive samples the ribotype (RT) was determined, and in total there were 13 different RTs found (in descending order of frequency: 057, 010, 029, 005, 073, 078, 015, 035, 454, 014, 058, 062, 087). Six of the RTs isolated from rodents and insectivores are known to be associated with human C. difficile infection; RT005, RT010, RT014, RT015, RT078 and RT087. The presence of rodents and insectivores in and around food production buildings (e.g. farms) could contribute to the spread of C. difficile in the human environment. In order to enable on‐farm management for pathogen control, it is essential to comprehend the role of wild rodents and insectivores that could potentially affect the ecology of disease agents on farms. Significance and Impact of the Study This study shows that rodents and insectivores in and around food production buildings (e.g. farms) can carry Clostridium difficile ribotypes associated with human C. difficile infection (CDI). C. difficile spores in rodent and insectivore droppings are able to survive in the environment for prolonged periods, leading to host‐to‐host exposure and transmission. Therefore we can state that rodent and insectivore presence on farms is a risk for zoonotic pathogen transmission of C. difficile.

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“…Another well‐known human RT is RT010, which was recently also found in dogs (Álvarez‐Pérez et al . ; Rabold et al . ) and in rabbits (Drigo et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile in wild rodents and insectivores in the Netherlands

Krijger

Meerburg

Harmanus

et al. 2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…The nontoxigenic ribotype 010 has been isolated from dogs in Spain (Álvarez‐Pérez et al . ). This ribotype has been also described in several animal species, especially companion animals, as well as in some human samples (Keel et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Four out of 12 MDR isolates were nontoxigenic, which agrees with a previous study that showed that nontoxigenic ribotypes were highly resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin (Álvarez‐Pérez et al . ), highlighting the importance of these and similar strains may have as a source for antimicrobial resistance traits to other bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presence ofClostridium difficilein pig faecal samples and wild animal species associated with pig farms

et al. 2016

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“…Different other studies have associated the presence of C. difficile in faeces with diarrhoea in dogs and cats (Weese et al 2001a;2001b;Weese and Armstrong 2003;Koene et al 2012;Wetterwik et al 2013). However, dogs can also be healthy carriers of C. difficile strains belonging to human epidemic PCR-ribotypes (Schneeberg et al 2012;Silva et al 2013b;Spigaglia et al 2015), with a high colonisation in the first period of live (Perrin et al 1993;Á lvarez-Pérez et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile in Food and Animals: A Comprehensive Review

Rodríguez

Taminiau

Broeck

et al. 2016

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Zoonoses are infections or diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans through direct contact, close proximity or the environment. Clostridium difficile is ubiquitous in the environment, and the bacterium is able to colonise the intestinal tract of both animals and humans. Since domestic and food animals frequently test positive for toxigenic C. difficile, even without showing any signs of disease, it seems plausible that C. difficile could be zoonotic. Therefore, animals could play an essential role as carriers of the bacterium. In addition, the presence of the spores in different meats, fish, fruits and vegetables suggests a risk of foodborne transmission. This review summarises the current available data on C. difficile in animals and foods, from when the bacterium was first described up to the present.

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Faecal shedding of antimicrobial‐resistant Clostridium difficile strains by dogs

Abstract: Healthy dogs can shed antimicrobial-resistant C. difficile strains.

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Clostridium difficile in wild rodents and insectivores in the Netherlands

Clostridium difficile in wild rodents and insectivores in the Netherlands

Presence ofClostridium difficilein pig faecal samples and wild animal species associated with pig farms

Clostridium difficile in Food and Animals: A Comprehensive Review

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