Failure modes in halved and tabled tenoned timber scarf joint by tension test

Historical scarf and splice carpentry joints: state of the art

“…Usually, wherever possible, they were applied in the least stressed cross-section because the joined elements could never achieve the same load bearing capability as that of a solid cross-section [6]. In historical structures, aside from elongating ground and capping beams in building frames [7], scarf and splice joints were used to elongate roof elements. Up until the introduction of glue laminated timber technology, this was the common method for elongating wood elements [8].…”

“…Research is underway on the behaviour of joints under static loading and also when loading is dynamic (inter alia in [27][28][29][30]) and on determining failure modes (e.g. in [7]). Research is concerned with joints on their own, as well as with whole structures, e.g.…”

“…Some studies focused on joints with keys (including stopsplayed scarf joints), which were subjected to tensile loading (inter alia [7,37,54,55]). Failure modes are presented and also proposals on how to strengthen the joints investigated.…”

“…In [54,55] a numerical and analytical model of analysed joint is presented. It was proposed to include steel clasps or keys in order to tighten the joint and Fig.12 a Geometry of the joint tested; b schematics of distribution of forces and stresses in the joint, c failure modes for the joint [7,55] ensure that the connecting faces of the joined elements abut (Fig. 13).…”

“…in [59] and will be shown in subsequent papers. [7,55] Halved and tabled tenoned scarf joint The maximum tensile force was limited by the appearance of cracks and was significantly lower than the maximum value for a solid member without joints 2012, Aira, Arriaga, Íñiguez-González, Guaita, Esteban; [54] Halved and tabled tenoned scarf joint with steel clasps or wooden pegs 2019, Ceraldi, Costa, Lippiello; [37] Stop-splayed scarf joint with wooden pegs or steel pins The most beneficial solution for 6 m beams in terms of load bearing capacity, stiffness and realisation is the 1.38 m long face-halved and bridled scarf joint with three pegs, located 1/5 of the length of the whole beam from the support 2014-2018, Kunecký, Sebera, Hasníková, Arciszewska-Kędzior, Tippner, Kloiber et al; inter alia [45,46,49] The greatest influence on stiffness is the angle of the inclined face in the joint. The vertical location of the pin and its dimensions have a smaller influence 2014-2018, Kunecký, Sebera, Hasníková, Arciszewska-Kędzior, Tippner, Kloiber et al; inter alia [38,40] For flexural and compressed elements (e.g.…”