Fair Trade in the Underworld: the Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis

Martin, Francis

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70618-2_12

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…They account for less than 10% of the taxonomic diversity of wood-rotting basidiomycete (Liese 1970;Martin 2007;Wilcox et al 1974) but are prevalent in nature and represent the dominant wood decay fungi associated with northern coniferous forest ecosystems (McFee and Stone 1966).…”

Section: Brown-rot Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of brown-rot fungi and biochemical Fenton reaction with regard to their potential as a model for bioprocessing biomass

Arantes

Jellison

Goodell

2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

287

214

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This work reviews the brown-rot fungal biochemical mechanism involved in the biodegradation of lignified plant cell walls. This mechanism has been acquired as an apparent alternative to the energetically expensive apparatus of lignocellulose breakdown employed by white-rot fungi. The mechanism relies, at least in the incipient stage of decay, on the oxidative cleavage of glycosidic bonds in cellulose and hemicellulose and the oxidative modification and arrangement of lignin upon attack by highly destructive oxygen reactive species such as the hydroxyl radical generated non-enzymatically via Fenton chemistry [Formula: see text]. Modifications in the lignocellulose macrocomponents associated with this non-enzymatic attack are believed to aid in the selective, near-complete removal of polysaccharides by an incomplete cellulase suite and without causing substantial lignin removal. Utilization of this process could provide the key to making the production of biofuel and renewable chemicals from lignocellulose biomass more cost-effective and energy efficient. This review highlights the unique features of the brown-rot fungal non-enzymatic, mediated Fenton reaction mechanism, the modifications to the major plant cell wall macrocomponents, and the implications and opportunities for biomass processing for biofuels and chemicals.

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Section: Brown-rot Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of brown-rot fungi and biochemical Fenton reaction with regard to their potential as a model for bioprocessing biomass

Arantes

Jellison

Goodell

2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

287

214

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“…The Pisolithus life cycle encompasses the release of basidiospores, produced inside closed basidiocarps, after the weathering of the basidiocarp apical layers, allowing basidiospore dispersion by the wind, rain water, or animals (Brundrett et al, 1996;Chambers and Cairney, 1999). Upon reaching the soil, basidiospore germination takes place in the favorable environment of the host plant rhizosphere, where appropriate chemical signals released by the roots trigger the process (Fries, 1987;Martin, 2007). Once germinated, basidiospores give rise to monokaryotic mycelia containing one nucleus per cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basidiosporogenesis, meiosis, and post-meiotic mitosis in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus microcarpus

Campos

Costa

2010

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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Pisolithus microcarpus (Cooke and Massee) G. Cunn. is a model organism for the studies on the ecology, physiology, and genetics of the ectomycorrhizal associations. However, little is known about the basidiosporogenesis in this species and, in particular, the nuclear behavior after karyogamy. In this work, the events involved in basidiosporogenesis and meiosis in P. microcarpus were analyzed using fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. The basidia are formed inside peridioles by the differentiation of the cells along the whole hyphae. Basidial cells measure 12-18 microm in length and 6-7 microm in diameter. P. microcarpus produces eight basidiospores per basidium imbibed in a gelatinous matrix in the basidiocarp. The basidiospores are globose, equinate, with blunt spines, and measure 6-8 microm. Karyogamy can take place inside basidia as well as in undifferentiated hyphal cells followed by nuclear migration to a newly developed basidium where meiosis takes place. After the formation of the meiotic tetrad, one round of post-meiotic mitosis occurs, resulting in the production of eight nuclei per basidium. The newly-formed nuclei migrate into the basidiospores asynchronously, resulting in the production of eight uninucleate spores. This corresponds to pattern A of post-meiotic mitosis. This work is the first report on meiosis and post-meiotic mitosis during basidiosporogenesis in P. microcarpus and contributes to clarify some aspects of the biology and genetics of this ectomycorrhizal species.

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“…Within this genus, Pisolithus microcarpus (Cooke & Massee) G. Cunn. is a model species for studies on the development, physiology, and genetics of ectomycorrhizas (Martin 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemistry and storage of organic compounds during basidiosporogenesis in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus microcarpus

Campos

Costa

2010

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Knowledge on the distribution and storage of different organic compounds during basidiosporogenesis in P. microcarpus is paramount to a better understanding of basidiospore recalcitrance to germination. The objective of this work was to detect the presence and distribution of phenolics, reducing sugars, starch, glycogen, total polysaccharides, RNA, and proteins during P. microcarpus basidiosporogenesis. Starch and reducing sugars were not detected in the fungal basidiocarps, while other polysaccharides predominated in the extracellular matrix at the base of the basidiocarp containing unconsolidated peridioles. Phenolics were also detected in this region. Glycogen was present inside the hyphae, basidia, and basidiospores and constitutes an important storage compound in the fungal basidiocarps. In mature basidiospores, RNA accumulation occurred at discrete locations in the cytoplasmatic periphery, while polysaccharides and proteins were shown to predominate in the cell wall. The presence of glycogen, RNA, and proteins inside the basidiospores strongly indicates provision for future germination and suggests that other factors may also influence basidiospore recalcitrance.

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Fair Trade in the Underworld: the Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis

Cited by 21 publications

References 139 publications

Peculiarities of brown-rot fungi and biochemical Fenton reaction with regard to their potential as a model for bioprocessing biomass

Peculiarities of brown-rot fungi and biochemical Fenton reaction with regard to their potential as a model for bioprocessing biomass

Basidiosporogenesis, meiosis, and post-meiotic mitosis in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus microcarpus

Histochemistry and storage of organic compounds during basidiosporogenesis in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus microcarpus

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