Fake News and Disinformation in Health Care- Challenges and Technology Tools

Tsirintani, Maria

doi:10.3233/shti210172

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Thus, healthcare providers need to provide guidance to their patients on how to gather useful medical information on the Internet. [40][41][42][43][44] Our study's findings are consistent with previous studies that have evaluated the readability of patient information materials in various medical and surgical specialties such as neurology, urology, and infectious diseases. 23,[45][46][47][48] This suggests that the issue of poor readability of patient-oriented health information is not limited to the bruxism-focused websites that we analysed but is prevalent across various medical domains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Nonetheless, the findings suggest that the average consumer may struggle to understand health information available on the Internet, leading to misunderstandings, delayed diagnoses, and ultimately poorer health outcomes. Thus, healthcare providers need to provide guidance to their patients on how to gather useful medical information on the Internet 40–44 . Our study's findings are consistent with previous studies that have evaluated the readability of patient information materials in various medical and surgical specialties such as neurology, urology, and infectious diseases 23,45–48 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Online Bruxism‐related information: Can people understand what they read? A Cross‐Sectional Study

Minervini

Cicciù²

2023

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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BackgroundBruxism patients often access the web to search for information. Unfortunately, the low text readability of online material and the limited medical literacy in the general population may prevent patients' understanding of health information.Objective(s)We aimed to assess the home page's readability of the top 10 patients‐oriented bruxism‐related websites and the educational level required to approach them.MethodsUsing the word bruxism in the “no country redirect” extension of Google Chrome browser (www.google.com/ncr), we identified the first 10 patient‐oriented English language websites. The readability of the material was determined using six commonly recommended readability tests (1): Gunning Fog Index (GFI), Coleman Liau Index (CLI), Automated Readability Index (ARI) Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Flesch Kincald Grade Level (FKGL), Flesh Reasing Ease (FRE).ResultsThe USA National Institutes of Health requirements, which call for websites to be readable at a 6th to 7th‐grade level, were not followed by any of the most popular websites.ConclusionThe average consumer frequently finds the health information on the Internet to be too complex to understand, which can lead to misinterpretation, a delay in diagnosis, and poorer health consequences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Online Bruxism‐related information: Can people understand what they read? A Cross‐Sectional Study

Minervini

Cicciù²

2023

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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“…This point suggests an interest among the scientific community in investigating these competencies from innovative perspectives. Training, advising, and supporting patients in the appropriate and confident use of technologies and information retrieved from different ICTs, social media, and internet sources are crucial [54], as also underlined by the framework recently developed by a consortium of multiple European countries [14]. The interest in investigating psychological and emotional aspects of the use of digital technologies has grown increasingly over the years, being assessed in 18 studies.…”

Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Health Competencies Among Health Care Professionals: Systematic Review

2022

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Background Digitalization is not fully implemented in clinical practice, and several factors have been identified as possible barriers, including the competencies of health care professionals. However, no summary of the available evidence has been provided to date to depict digital health competencies that have been investigated among health care professionals, the tools used in assessing such competencies, and the effective interventions to improve them. Objective This review aims to summarize digital health competencies investigated to date and the tools used to assess them among health care professionals. Methods A systematic review based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist was performed. The MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were accessed up to September 4, 2021. Studies assessing digital health competencies with quantitative designs, targeting health care professionals, and written in English were included. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Results A total of 26 studies, published from 1999 to 2021, met the inclusion criteria, and the majority were cross sectional in design, while only 2 were experimental study designs. Most studies were assessed with moderate to low methodological quality; 4 categories and 9 subcategories of investigated digital health competencies have been identified. The most investigated category was “Self-rated competencies,” followed by “Psychological and emotional aspects toward digital technologies,” “Use of digital technologies,” and “Knowledge about digital technologies.” In 35% (9/26) of the studies, a previously validated tool was used to measure the competencies assessed, while others developed ad hoc questionnaires. Conclusions Mainly descriptive studies with issues regarding methodology quality have been produced to date investigating 4 main categories of digital health competencies mostly with nonvalidated tools. Competencies investigated might be considered while designing curricula for undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing education processes, whereas the methodological lacks detected might be addressed with future research. There is a need to expand research on psychological and emotional elements and the ability to use digital technology to self-learn and teach others. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021282775; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=282775

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“…The lack of information checking combined with the lack of knowledge about the health effects of pollution could be a critical issue as they could lead to the dissemination of incomplete or untrue information, i.e., fake news. This news undermines the truthfulness of a topic, omitting or adding elements [19], and can undermine programmes, campaigns and initiatives aimed at raising awareness or educating the population [20]; thus, it can also hamper EHL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Environmental Health Literacy of Italian General Population: The SPeRA Cross-Sectional Study

Bert

Gea

Previti

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Environmental health literacy (EHL) includes knowledge of health effects due to environmental exposure and skills to protect health from environmental risks. This study investigated some aspects about EHL of the Italian adult population. Data were collected through questionnaires (n = 672) and analysed through multivariable logistic regression models. Results showed that participants with incomplete/insufficient self-perceived knowledge of health effects due to environmental risks verified less information about this topic (adjOR = 0.38 (CI95% 0.25–0.59)/0.09 (0.04–0.21); p < 0.001/<0.001), potentially spreading fake news. The self-perceived exposure to pollution was higher in participants living in towns than in rural areas (small, medium, big towns adjOR = 2.37 (1.41–3.97), 2.10 (1.11–3.96), 3.11 (1.53–6.31); p = 0.001, 0.022, 0.002) and lower in participants with incomplete/insufficient knowledge about pollution effects (adjOR = 0.54 (0.32–0.92)/0.30 (0.13–0.67); p = 0.022/0.004), confirming that knowledge is essential to achieve awareness. Since insufficient self-perceived knowledge of pollution effects was negatively associated with the adoption of pro-environmental behaviours (adjOR = 0.37 (0.15–0.90); p = 0.028), EHL was proven to be a virtuous behaviour promoter. Finally, a lack of institutional support, time and cost were identified as barriers to pro-environmental behaviours. This study provided useful data to design prevention programmes, underlined some barriers to pro-environmental behaviours and highlighted the need to promote attitudes and behaviours aimed at contrasting environmental pollution, thus protecting human health.

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Fake News and Disinformation in Health Care- Challenges and Technology Tools

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Online Bruxism‐related information: Can people understand what they read? A Cross‐Sectional Study

Online Bruxism‐related information: Can people understand what they read? A Cross‐Sectional Study

Digital Health Competencies Among Health Care Professionals: Systematic Review

The Environmental Health Literacy of Italian General Population: The SPeRA Cross-Sectional Study

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