“…(1) their numbers are large. Nationally, this smallholder ownership in the palm oil industry is 4,763,797 hectares or 40.8% of the total area of Indonesian palm oil (11,672,861 hectares), as the world's largest palm oil producer (Irawan and Syakir, 2019), the income of oil palm smallholder farmers is higher than the income of other farming such as a rice farming (Purba et al , 2019), smallholder rubber farming (Harimurti, 2018), (2) conversion of other farming to oil palm farming as examples from cocoa to oil palm farming (Nurmedika et al , 2015), from rubber to oil palm farming (Nanang et al , 2014) and from rice to oil palm farming (Fahri et al , 2014). This phenomenon indicates if there is a bad impact of COVID-19 on oil palm smallholder farmers, then it should be worse for other smallholders in general.…”