Fall-Bearing Red Raspberries, Their Future and Potential

Ourecky, Donald K.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1976.60.18

Cited by 20 publications

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“…In summer-cropping red raspberries, the time of flower bud initiation is believed to be triggered mainly by shortening daylengths and falling temperatures (Williams, 1959(Williams, , 1960, with the age and size of canes, expressed by the number of nodes, also playing a role (Williams and Hudson, 1956). In PF red raspberries, on the other hand, floral initiation can occur independently of these factors (Lockshin Primocane fruiting (PF), a trait that is present mainly in raspberry [R. idaeus L. (Daubeny, 1996;Keep, 1961;Ourecky, 1976)], has been introduced and intensified in erect blackberries at the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Blackberry germplasm of this type has already been released for breeding purposes (Ballington and Moore, 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower Bud Initiation in Primocane-fruiting Blackberry Germplasm

López-Medina¹,

Moore²,

Kim³

1999

HortSci

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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) were used to study the transition of meristems from vegetative to floral phase in erect primocane-fruiting (PF) blackberries [Rubus (Tourn.) L. subgenus Rubus] developed at the Univ. of Arkansas. Dormant root cuttings of A-1836 and APF-13 blackberries were dug from the field and planted on 28 Dec. 1996 and 1 Mar. 1997 to produce plants for use in a greenhouse study. In a field study, terminal buds of field-grown A-1836, APF-13, NC194, and summer-fruiting `Arapaho' were sampled on 21 Mar 1997 (before shoot emergence from soil), and then weekly from 14 to 28 May 1997. Flower bud primordia were first observed at five and six nodes of growth in greenhouse-grown A-1836 and APF-13 plants, respectively, 35 to 42 days after root cuttings were planted (DAP). Under field conditions, floral primordia were not observed until 21 May when A-1836 and APF-13 had at least 20 nodes of growth; NC194 did not differentiate floral structures until 10 July. The developmental patterns of the vegetative apical meristem in the PF selections, both field- and greenhouse-grown plants, were similar to those of `Arapaho'. Opening of the terminal flower of the inflorescence occurred 32 to 35 days after floral initiation in APF-13, and 8 to 10 days later on A-1836. Field-grown NC194 bloomed in late August. The first fruits of greenhouse-grown APF-13 were harvested 120 DAP. These findings demonstrate that PF blackberries form flower buds after a short period of vegetative growth.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower Bud Initiation in Primocane-fruiting Blackberry Germplasm

López-Medina¹,

Moore²,

Kim³

1999

HortSci

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“…However, this type of behaviour can be found in both annual-and biennial-fruiting cultivars (Williams, 1960;Carew et al, 2000) and, as demonstrated by , it is a plastic trait that, to a large extent, is under environmental control (cf. Slate, 1940;Ourecky, 1976).…”

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“…Nevertheless, only a variable number of buds at the upper part of the cane will grow out, with the remaining buds becoming dormant. While it has been considered that these lower buds need SD for floral initiation (e.g., Ourecky, 1976;Dale, 2008), dissections revealed that these buds also initiated flowers under LD and high temperature conditions, but required chilling to break dormancy and therefore become biennial ). The distinctive physiological characteristics of annual-fruiting cultivars are, therefore, the ability to initiate flower buds during mid-Summer and the absence of dormancy in a certain proportion of the initiated floral buds, leading to flowering in the first year.…”

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confidence: 99%

Earliness and fruit yield and quality of annual-fruiting red raspberry (Rubus idaeusL.): Effects of temperature and genotype

Sønsteby

Heide

2010

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology

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Print) 2380-4084 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/thsb20 Earliness and fruit yield and quality of annualfruiting red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.): Effects of temperature and genotype A Sønsteby & O.M. Heide To cite this article: A Sønsteby & O.M. Heide (2010) Earliness and fruit yield and quality of annual-fruiting red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.): Effects of temperature and SUMMARY Earliness, fruit yield and quality of six annual-fruiting raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars were tested under protected cultivation in a cool Nordic environment. After raising plants for 5 weeks in greenhouses with average mean temperatures of 20°C, 22°C, or 26°C, the plants were cropped in an open plastic tunnel at latitude 61°N. The highest yielding cultivars were 'Autumn Bliss' and 'Polka', with 640 g plant -1 .Overall, the most promising cultivar was 'Polka' which combined high yield with large fruit of good flavour and firmness. In earliness, 'Polka' was surpassed only by 'Autumn Bliss', which confirmed its position as the earliest commercial annual-fruiting cultivar. However, 'Autumn Bliss' had soft fruits with little flavour and a short shelf-life, which greatly reduced the potential of the cultivar for the fresh fruit market. The later ripening cultivar 'Erika' did not complete its crop under these conditions, but its large unrealised yield potential and good fruit quality rendered it extremely promising for environments with a longer growing season. 'Sugana' was late, with low yields and poor fruit quality, while 'Marcela' did not yield enough fruit to be of interest under the present conditions. High temperatures during the 5-week raising period generally advanced flowering and fruit ripening in all cultivars, with the notable exception of 'Autumn Treasure' in which flowering was suppressed and strongly delayed by high temperature. Under the present conditions, there was a highly positive correlation between earliness and fruit yield. Regression analyses identified a low number of dormant buds as the single most important component of plant architecture associated with high fruit yield, accounting for 47% of the total variation.

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“…'Heritage' is one of the most productive and widely adapted PF cultivars (Ourecky and Slate, 1969), possibly due to few negative yield component relationships compared with other PF cultivars (Hoover et al, 1988). PF cultivars offer certain cultural and economic advantages over summer-fruiting (SF) cultivars: they extend the harvest season, avoid expensive support systems, and replace labor-intensive pruning and cane selection with a single dormant mowing (Funt, 1981;Ourecky, 1976). Winter injury to canes is also avoided (Ourecky, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PF cultivars offer certain cultural and economic advantages over summer-fruiting (SF) cultivars: they extend the harvest season, avoid expensive support systems, and replace labor-intensive pruning and cane selection with a single dormant mowing (Funt, 1981;Ourecky, 1976). Winter injury to canes is also avoided (Ourecky, 1976).…”

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confidence: 99%

Primocane Development and Early Yield of `Heritage' Red Raspberry in Relation to Initial Plant In-row Spacing

Myers¹

1993

jashs

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Micropropagated plants of `Heritage' primocane-fruiting (PF) red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) were planted at in-row spacings of 100, 50, or 25 cm. Yield per unit area during the first season was positively correlated with initial plant in-row spacing. During the first season of growth, initial plant in-row spacing did not affect the total number of primocanes that developed but was positively associated with the numbers of primocanes that fruited. Yield per primocane, primocane yield efficiency, total nodes per primocane, and number of fruiting nodes per primocane were not affected by plant in-row spacing in the first year. Average fruit weight and fruiting primocane diameter in the first year were negatively associated with plant in-row spacing. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) penetrating the row canopy as measured in the first season was not affected by treatment. Treatment did not influence percentage of fruit exhibiting solar injury, shattering, or infection by Botrytis cinerea. Plant in-row spacing did not influence yield during the second and third production seasons.

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Fall-Bearing Red Raspberries, Their Future and Potential

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Flower Bud Initiation in Primocane-fruiting Blackberry Germplasm

Flower Bud Initiation in Primocane-fruiting Blackberry Germplasm

Earliness and fruit yield and quality of annual-fruiting red raspberry (Rubus idaeusL.): Effects of temperature and genotype

Primocane Development and Early Yield of `Heritage' Red Raspberry in Relation to Initial Plant In-row Spacing

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