Falls and fractures in patients with Alzheimer-type dementia

Risk factors for hip fracture in older adults: a case–control study in Taiwan

“…Some possible mechanisms have been proposed to explain the link between low MMSE score and hip fracture risk [43]. Cognitive impairment may directly increase the risk through falls since cognitive deficits could impair judgment, gait, visual-spatial perception, and the adaptive ability to manage environmental demands [44,45]. In addition to the higher likelihood of falls, people with cognitive problems may suffer the consequence of falls more seriously than other people because their BMD is weakened by malnutrition [46] including calcium deficiency [47] and lower body weight as a subsequent outcome [48,49].…”

Gait in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

“…Strideto-stride variability reflects the regularity, rhythmicity, and automaticty of gait and is associated with fall risk in many populations [8][9][10][11][12]. Interestingly, in addition to sharing an increased risk of falling [9,13,14], these patient groups all display deficits in specific cognitive domains that have been related to dual tasking abilities, including executive function and attention, and the degree of the response to dual tasking has been correlated with these cognitive deficits [3,6,7]. One interpretation of these findings is that in patients with diminished gait automaticty (i.e., increased variability) supplementary cognitive resources, such as attention, are needed to regulate the stride-to-stride variations in gait.…”

Effekte körperlicher Aktivität und körperlichen Trainings auf den psychischen Status bei älteren Menschen mit und ohne kognitive Schädigung

“…Sturzangst kann der Auslöser für einen Circulus vitiosus sein, der zu Einschränkung körperlicher und sozialer Aktivität, Distress, schlechterer Lebensqualität, erhöhtem Medikamentenverbrauch, weiterem Verlust funktioneller Leistungen, steigendem Sturzrisiko, Verlust des Selbstvertrauens und schlussendlich zum Verlust der Selbstständigkeit führt [7,30,31,39,101]. Ältere Menschen mit kognitiver Schädigung stellen eine vulnerable Gruppe dar, die ein besonders hohes Sturzrisiko, schwere Sturzverletzungen und sturzassoziierte Mortalität aufweisen [16,52].…”