Familiarity and recollection in item and associative recognition

Hockley, William E.; Consoli, Angela

doi:10.3758/bf03211559

Cited by 189 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…A recent study by Westerman (2001) offers some support for such an interpretation. Using the same priming technique as that used in the present experiment, Westerman (Experiment 1) found that enhanced fluency did not affect associative recognition, a task that is theorized to be largely dependent on recollection (e.g., Clark, 1992;Hockley & Consoli, 1999;Yonelinas, 1997). Given that the fluency heuristic is not used on recognition tests that are based largely on recollection, it is possible that the null effect of the prime that occurred when pictures were studied is the result of a greater reliance on recollection for the group that studied pictures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Change in perceptual form attenuates the use of the fluency heuristic in recognition

2003

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Four experiments (total N = 295) were conducted to determine whether within-modality changes in perceptual form between the study and the test phases of an experiment would moderate the role of the fluency heuristic in recognition memory. Experiment 1 showed that a change from pictures to words reduced the role of fluency in recognition memory. In Experiment 2, the same result was found using counterfeit study lists that supposedly consisted of pictures or words. Experiments 3 and 4 showed that changes in the font used to present the study and test words also attenuated the contribution of fluency to the recognition decision when font change was manipulated between subjects, but not within subjects. Results suggest that the fluency heuristic is subject to metacognitivecontrol, since participants' attributions of perceptual fluency depend on the perceived usefulness of fluency as a cue to recognition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Change in perceptual form attenuates the use of the fluency heuristic in recognition

2003

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“…It is also possible, however, that it reflects a disproportionate deficit in recollection relative to familiarity, since associative recognition is based on conscious recollection to a greater extent than is item recognition,and, conversely, that item memory is based on familiarity to a greater extent than is associative recognition (Hockley & Consoli, 1999). Other studies, however, have demonstrated deficits in relational memory processing that cannot be accounted for by the recollection/ familiarity distinction (Chun & Phelps, 1999;Ryan, Althoff, Whitlow, & Cohen, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disproportionate deficit in associative recognition relative to item recognition in global amnesia

Giovanello

Verfaellie

Keane

2003

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

115

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In two experiments, we tested the hypothesis that medial temporal lobe (MTL) amnesic patients and, likewise, diencephalic (DNC) amnesic patients evidence a disproportionate deficit in memory for associations in comparison with memory for single items. In Experiment 1, we equated item recognition in amnesic and control participants and found that, under these conditions, associative recognition remained impaired both for MTL patients and for DNC patients. To rule out an alternative interpretation of the results of Experiment 1, in Experiment 2 we compared the performance of amnesic and control participants on a one-item recognition task and a two-item recognition task that required no memory for the association between members of word pairs. In the MTL group, when single-item recognition was equated to that of the controls, two-item nonassociative pair memory was equivalent as well. In the DNC group, nonassociative pair memory was impaired, but this impairment did not fully account for the impairment in associative memory. These findings indicate that memory for novel associations between items is disproportionately impaired in comparison with memory for single items in amnesia.

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“…13 Over the last two decades, a number of cognitive studies in young adults have provided empirical evidence for the distinction between item and relational memory. [14][15][16][17] Of relevance here, several recent reports suggest that persons with a diagnosis of MCI show a disproportionate decrease in relational memory, 18,19 and that the relational memory deficits in this group can be predictive of future cognitive impairment. 20,21 The current study was the first to examine whether dissociations between item and relational memory might exist in persons with multiple sport-related concussions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Episodic Memory in Former Professional Football Players with a History of Concussion: An Event-Related Functional Neuroimaging Study

Ford

Giovanello

Guskiewicz

2013

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Previous research has demonstrated that sport-related concussions can have short-term effects on cognitive processes, but the long-term consequences are less understood and warrant more research. This study was the first to use event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine long-term differences in neural activity during memory tasks in former athletes who have sustained multiple sport-related concussions. In an event-related fMRI study, former football players reporting multiple sport-related concussions (i.e., three or more) were compared with players who reported fewer than three concussions during a memory paradigm examining item memory (i.e., memory for the particular elements of an event) and relational memory (i.e., memory for the relationships between elements). Behaviorally, we observed that concussion history did not significantly affect behavioral performance, because persons in the low and high concussion groups had equivalent performance on both memory tasks, and in addition, that concussion history was not associated with any behavioral memory measures. Despite demonstrating equivalent behavioral performance, the two groups of former players demonstrated different neural recruitment patterns during relational memory retrieval, suggesting that multiple concussions may be associated with functional inefficiencies in the relational memory network. In addition, the number of previous concussions significantly correlated with functional activity in a number of brain regions, including the medial temporal lobe and inferior parietal lobe. Our results provide important insights in understanding the long-term functional consequences of sustaining multiple sports-related concussions.

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Familiarity and recollection in item and associative recognition

Cited by 189 publications

References 59 publications

Change in perceptual form attenuates the use of the fluency heuristic in recognition

Change in perceptual form attenuates the use of the fluency heuristic in recognition

Disproportionate deficit in associative recognition relative to item recognition in global amnesia

Episodic Memory in Former Professional Football Players with a History of Concussion: An Event-Related Functional Neuroimaging Study

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