Family Care Responsibilities and Employment

Abstract

This study compared work–family and family–work conflict for employed family caregivers with disability-related care responsibilities in contrast to employed family caregivers with typical care responsibilities. Using data from the 2002 National Study of the Changing Workforce, a population-based survey of the U.S. workforce, formal and informal workplace supports of employees with disability-related family care were compared with those of employees with typical family care responsibilities. Results reveal that family caregivers with disability-related family care responsibilities face higher levels of both types of conflict, have lower incomes, and receive fewer informal supports compared with family caregivers with typical care responsibilities. In future studies of a diverse workforce, exceptional care responsibilities need to be conceptualized differently than typical care. Efforts are also needed to address the supports within the workplace and community that do assist family caregivers with exceptional care responsibilities maintain their employment and manage their complex care.

Novel behavioral assays of spontaneous and precipitated THC withdrawal in mice

“…For example the synthetic cannabinoid, WIN55,212–2 induced wet dog shakes and facial rubs in male rats (Aceto et al, 2001). Similarly, repeated CP55,940 administration induces somatic withdrawal signs and increases plasma corticosterone (Oliva et al, 2004, 2003), and also reduces time in the dark side of the light/dark box in male mice (Aracil-Fernández et al, 2011). In adolescent rats exposed to repeated THC, males spent more time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and females spent more time in the closed arms during abstinence following repeated THC exposure (Harte-Hargrove and Dow-Edwards, 2012).…”

“…Withdrawal from the synthetic cannabinoid agonist CP55,940 suppresses time in the lit portion of the light/dark box test and time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze (Oliva et al, 2003). Repeated administration of THC desensitizes CB 1 receptors (Sim-Selley, 2003), and genetic deletion of Cnr1 (which encodes the CB 1 receptor) decreases struggling in the tail suspension test (Aso et al, 2008). In addition to their utility as drug screens, these behavioral models of emotionality are also stressors because each induces corticosterone release (Aso et al, 2008; Chotiwat and Harris, 2006).…”

One step forward? Advances and setbacks on the path toward gender equality in families and work

“…But across the board, childcare programs provide limited assistance to non-traditional families. Parents with exceptional dependent care responsibilities (e.g., parents of children/adult children with disabilities or dependent parents) are not as supported by workplace policies as families with more typical childcare needs (e.g., working parents with young children; Stewart, 2013).…”

A pilot investigation of chemonucleolysis-induced intervertebral disc degeneration in the ovine lumbar spine

“…using the Thompson grading scale (n=3/degen and uninjured IVDs; n=2/vehicle IVDs). [34] These mid-sagittal slices were paraffin-embedded and 7μm sections were obtained; however, two of the three vehicle controls were lost during tissue processing. Staining was performed in accordance with methods form Leung et al[35] Briefly, sections were rehydrated via ethanol gradations and stained with 3% Alcian blue (pH 1.0) for 8 min, 0.1% safranin-O for 6 min, 0.25% tartrazine for 10 sec, 0.001% fast green for 4 min.…”