“…Emphasizing the need for specific courses on school, family, and community partnerships, the benefits of family engagement in student academic and social success is highlighted (Delgado-Gaitan, 2007;Epstein, 2006;Epstein et al, 2018), and teacher educators are challenged to prepare future teachers for effective partnerships with families (D'Haem & Griswold, 2017). In particular, the lack of preparation for pre-service teachers on how to work with families has been highlighted as being problematic and despite some progress within initial teacher preparation programs, few pre-service teachers have access to full courses on how to form partnerships with families (Willemse, Thompson, Vanderlinde, & Mutton, 2018). It is no wonder that most pre-service teachers report learning no competencies in establishing strong partnerships with families (D'Haem & Griswold, 2017;Patte, 2011) and often face many obstacles in achieving meaningful parent-teacher relationships (Bofferding, Kastberg, & Hoffman, 2016).…”