Farmers’ Perception and Impact of Rice Yellow Mottle Disease on Rice Yields in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Rice improvement for disease resistance has scarcely involved farmers' knowledge in Sub-Saharan Africa. A participatory rural appraisal was conducted in two main rice cultivation areas in Burkina Faso to assess farmers' awareness of rice production constraints with emphasis on rice yellow mottle disease (RYMD) and its management. Farmers' preference for rice varieties to be used in the breeding program was also assessed. Major concerns for rice cultivation as perceived by farmers were water shortage and RYMD. However, relative importance of each constraint depended on the survey areas, RYMD being prominent at Banzon while water shortage predominated at Mogtedo. Mogtedo farmers preferred rice variety FKR19 because of its tolerance to drought. At Banzon, farmers' first criterion was taste which was reflected in the choice of variety FKR18. Yield was also a major criterion in both areas, positioning NERICA varieties FKR56N, FKR62N, and FKR60N among the top preferred varieties. Farmers mentioned RYMD as the most important rice disease. Most farmers used varietal shifts or pesticide treatments for RYMD management. RYMD incidence reached 28% in average at Banzon over the 2012-2013 main growing seasons. In rice varieties FKR56N, FKR62N and TS2, diseased plants yielded 79.3% less than the healthy ones. Accordingly, based on disease incidence, overall yield loss in the study area was estimated at 22.3%. Altogether, rice production can be significantly increased by taking RYMD into account in a participatory rice breeding strategy.

Diversity analysis and genome-wide association studies of grain shape and eating quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using DArT markers

“…Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is increasingly becoming a major food crop in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Globally, rice is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops distributed across diverse geographical, ecological and climatic conditions [ 1 , 2 ]. Given the varied adaptations of rice genotypes, several accessions are available with wide phenotypic and genotypic diversity [ 3 ].…”

Insights Into Natural Genetic Resistance to Rice Yellow Mottle Virus and Implications on Breeding for Durable Resistance

“…For example, in Nigeria and Côte d’Ivoire, yield losses above of 90% have been reported in susceptible cultivars, Bouake 189 and FARO 29 ( Onwughalu et al, 2011 ; Soko et al, 2016 ), while in Sierra Leone, losses of 82% were reported on varieties PN 623-3, TOX 516-12-SLR, and ROK 3 ( Taylor et al, 1990 ). Most recently in Burkina Faso, losses of 84% were recorded on popular varieties, FKR56N, FKR62N, and TS2 ( Traoré et al, 2015 ).…”

“…The prevalence of RYMV varies between rice-producing countries, probably because of multiple factors including transitions from subsistence production to large-scale intensive rice production, and the associated increase in the diversity of vectors involved in virus transmission. For example, the incidence and severity of RYMV in most of Uganda’s rice-growing areas is between 50 and 75% under rainfed lowlands ( Ochola and Tusiime, 2010 ), while in Burkina Faso, the incidence of the disease tends to be lower at 28% ( Traoré et al, 2015 ). In Côte d’Ivoire, the incidence is higher during the dry season than during the rainy season while the opposite is the case in Nigeria ( Heinrichs et al, 1997 ).…”

Complete Genome Sequence of a New Strain of Rice yellow mottle virus from Malawi, Characterized by a Recombinant VPg Protein

“…The infected plants show a reduction of height and fertility. RYMV causes high losses ranging from 25% to 100% depending on the virus strain, plant genotype, and growth stage of the plants ( 3 , 4 ). The transmission is mediated mechanically through agricultural practices, insects, or animals ( 5 – 7 ).…”