Fast Fabrication of Flexible Functional Circuits Based on Liquid Metal Dual‐Trans Printing

Wang, Qian; Yu, Yang; Yang, Jun; Liu, Jing

doi:10.1002/adma.201502200

Cited by 270 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There are many properties of Ga that make it a compelling material for this process: liquid Ga has a low bulk viscosity (approximately twice that of water)19 that flows with ease, and unlike Hg, Ga has low toxicity and essentially no vapour pressure at room temperature20. Ga and Ga alloys have previously been used for printing of conducting electrical tracks;212223 however, here instead of using the bulk metal we implement the oxide skin thatis left on the substrate. Like many post-transition metals, Ga rapidly forms a thin oxide layer on its surface when exposed to oxygen24.…”

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confidence: 99%

Wafer-scale two-dimensional semiconductors from printed oxide skin of liquid metals

et al. 2017

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A variety of deposition methods for two-dimensional crystals have been demonstrated; however, their wafer-scale deposition remains a challenge. Here we introduce a technique for depositing and patterning of wafer-scale two-dimensional metal chalcogenide compounds by transforming the native interfacial metal oxide layer of low melting point metal precursors (group III and IV) in liquid form. In an oxygen-containing atmosphere, these metals establish an atomically thin oxide layer in a self-limiting reaction. The layer increases the wettability of the liquid metal placed on oxygen-terminated substrates, leaving the thin oxide layer behind. In the case of liquid gallium, the oxide skin attaches exclusively to a substrate and is then sulfurized via a relatively low temperature process. By controlling the surface chemistry of the substrate, we produce large area two-dimensional semiconducting GaS of unit cell thickness (∼1.5 nm). The presented deposition and patterning method offers great commercial potential for wafer-scale processes.

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confidence: 99%

Wafer-scale two-dimensional semiconductors from printed oxide skin of liquid metals

et al. 2017

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“…For liquid metals (LMs), such problem becomes very important and also challenging due to the uniqueness of the base liquids rising from their surface tension, passivity, and many other aspects 4, 5, 6, 7. The combination of fluidity and metallic nature of LMs makes them appealing for applications where excellent heat conductivity, electrical conductivity, and flexibility are required 8, 9, 10. Up to now, the search for safe‐handling room‐temperature LMs only narrows down to gallium‐based LMs, a group of alloys consisting gallium and other metals like indium, tin, etc.…”

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confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal Phagocytosis: Intermetallic Wetting Induced Particle Internalization

et al. 2017

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A biomimetic cellular‐eating phenomenon in gallium‐based liquid metal to realize particle internalization in full‐pH‐range solutions is reported. The effect, which is called liquid metal phagocytosis, represents a wet‐processing strategy to prepare various metallic liquid metal‐particle mixtures through introducing excitations such as an electrical polarization, a dissolving medium, or a sacrificial metal. A nonwetting‐to‐wetting transition resulting from surface transition and the reactive nature of the intermetallic wetting between the two metallic phases are found to be primarily responsible for such particle‐eating behavior. Theoretical study brings forward a physical picture to the problem, together with a generalized interpretation. The model developed here, which uses the macroscopic contact angle between the two metallic phases as a criterion to predict the particle internalization behavior, shows good consistency with experimental results.

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“…Moreover, solar cells fabricated on flexible substrates with a low-temperature fabrication approach are also compatible with continuous roll-to-roll fabrication approaches with spraying or printing techniques, which makes it possible for very high throughput solar cell production and therefore lowering of the solar cell cost. [9][10][11][12] The lightweight solar cell may also decrease the energy consumption for the solar cell transportation and installation and thus, further decreasing the carbon foot-print and energy pay-back time for the solar cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

Extremely lightweight and ultra-flexible infrared light-converting quantum dot solar cells with high power-per-weight output using a solution-processed bending durable silver nanowire-based electrode

Zhang

Öberg

et al. 2018

Energy Environ. Sci.

127

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Broader contextUltra-flexible and lightweight solar cells with high power output per weight have attracted much attention due to their high potential for utilization in applications such as spacecraft, aircraft, personal pack load and wearable electronic devices. PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQD) are promising candidates for the fabrication of flexible and lightweight solar cells due to their nanocrystal character, which enables functioning energy conversion even in the case when the solar cell is under extreme deformation. Moreover, the PbS CQD possesses the advantages of solution-processability, size-dependent optoelectronic properties and a broad light absorption spectrum covering the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared wavelength region. In this study, we report an ultra-flexible and extremely lightweight PbS CQD solar cell. The solar cell is fabricated on a 1.3 mm-thick flexible polyethylene naphthalate foil substrate and an Ag nanowire network with strong mechanical properties and a large aspect ratio and is used as a transparent and conductive front-electrode. The thickness of the full solar cell is less than 2 mm and the device gives B10% power conversion efficiency with an extremely low weight of 6.5 g m À2 , resulting in a high power-per-weight output ofThe demonstrated CQD solar cell shows good mechanical properties and works during large compression-stretching deformation. In particular, the solar cell also exhibits promising stability both under continuous illumination and after storage under ambient conditions. These results reveal that the CQDs are very promising materials for realizing flexible, efficient and extremely lightweight solar cells that makes it possible for utilization of solar energy in many new applications.

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Fast Fabrication of Flexible Functional Circuits Based on Liquid Metal Dual‐Trans Printing

Cited by 270 publications

References 31 publications

Wafer-scale two-dimensional semiconductors from printed oxide skin of liquid metals

Wafer-scale two-dimensional semiconductors from printed oxide skin of liquid metals

Liquid Metal Phagocytosis: Intermetallic Wetting Induced Particle Internalization

Extremely lightweight and ultra-flexible infrared light-converting quantum dot solar cells with high power-per-weight output using a solution-processed bending durable silver nanowire-based electrode

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