Fast food consumption and obesity among urban college going adolescents in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Banik, Rajon; Naher, Shabnam; Pervez, Sabbir

doi:10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100161

Cited by 53 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, humans need food independent to location or occupation. Although there are quite some local diet differences, we do not think that university CFs differ significantly in diet provision, particularly, in the light of the increasing fast food consumption among students, even in Asian countries (e.g., [28]). On the other hand, it can be the policy of a university to provide healthy and low CF food with little or no meat, or to integrate a responsible food consumption into the education for a sustainable development [29].…”

Section: Impacts Suggested To Omitmentioning

confidence: 73%

Carbon footprinting of universities worldwide: Part I—objective comparison by standardized metrics

2021

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Background Universities, as innovation drivers in science and technology worldwide, should be leading the Great Transformation towards a carbon–neutral society and many have indeed picked up the challenge. However, only a small number of universities worldwide are collecting and publishing their carbon footprints, and some of them have defined zero emission targets. Unfortunately, there is limited consistency between the reported carbon footprints (CFs) because of different analysis methods, different impact measures, and different target definitions by the respective universities. Results Comprehensive CF data of 20 universities from around the globe were collected and analysed. Essential factors contributing to the university CF were identified. For the first time, CF data from universities were not only compared. The CF data were also evaluated, partly corrected, and augmented by missing contributions, to improve the consistency and comparability. The CF performance of each university in the respective year is thus homogenized, and measured by means of two metrics: CO2e emissions per capita and per m2 of constructed area. Both metrics vary by one order of magnitude across the different universities in this study. However, we identified ten universities reaching a per capita carbon footprint of lower than or close to 1.0 Mt (metric tons) CO2e/person and year (normalized by the number of people associated with the university), independent from the university’s size. In addition to the aforementioned two metrics, we suggested a new metric expressing the economic efficiency in terms of the CF per $ expenditures and year. We next aggregated the results for all three impact measures, arriving at an overall carbon performance for the respective universities, which we found to be independent of geographical latitude. Instead the per capita measure correlates with the national per capita CFs, and it reaches on average 23% of the national impacts per capita. The three top performing universities are located in Switzerland, Chile, and Germany. Conclusion The usual reporting of CO2 emissions is categorized into Scopes 1–3 following the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting Standard which makes comparison across universities challenging. In this study, we attempted to standardize the CF metrics, allowing us to objectively compare the CF at several universities. From this study, we observed that, almost 30 years after the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro (1992), the results are still limited. Only one zero emission university was identified, and hence, the transformation should speed up globally.

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Section: Impacts Suggested To Omitmentioning

confidence: 73%

Carbon footprinting of universities worldwide: Part I—objective comparison by standardized metrics

2021

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“…As known before, higher consumption of fast foods increases the risk of obesity. [23] It should be also highlighted that in patients with obesity the response to antiviral and antimicrobial drugs is poorer, and the response to the vaccine is reduced. [24] Fast foods typically contain high amounts of industrially produced Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs).…”

Section: Dietary Habits: Fast Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Fast Foods Consumption: a Review

Bohlouli

Moravejolahkami

Dashti

et al. 2021

International Journal of Food Properties

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While all groups are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the aged people as well as those with underlying chronic medical conditions are at the greatest risk. The higher adherence to refined carbohydrate diets, sweats, and saturated fats contributes to the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes; these disorders increase the risk for severe COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Fast food consumption activates the intrinsic immune system and impairs adaptive immunity, leading to chronic inflammation and impaired host defence against viruses. Furthermore, inflammatory responses caused by COVID-19 may have long-term costs in survived individuals, leading to chronic disorders such as dementia and neurodegenerative disease through neuroinflammatory mechanisms that are related to an unhealthy diet. Therefore, now more than ever, wider access to healthy foods should be a main concern and individuals should be aware of healthy eating habits to reduce COVID-19 complications.

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“…A cross sectional was conducted by Banik R, et al [58] to determine the prevalence of fast-food consumption. 518 adolescent students were selected by a multi-stage sampling technique from five colleges.…”

Section: Students Got a Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. About 64% of the participants consumed fast foods frequently 3 times/week while 36% consumed less frequently which in once /week [58]. Lopez Quintero C, et al [59] accessed the behavior an intention of students in washing their hands before and after consuming food and after going to the toilet.…”

Section: Students Got a Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Unhealthy Food Practices with Nutritional Status of Adolescents

Rasheed¹,

Aslam²,

Ejaz

et al. 2021

BJSTR

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Unhealthy eating practices leading towards increase intake of junk or fast foods, intake of carbonated beverages, low hygienic practices, skipping of breakfast and low intake of fruits and vegetables among adolescents of this era. Junk food include those foods having zero nutritional values and contain more fat, sugar, artificial flavors, salts, and several additives and mostly taken by adolescents and leading towards risk of chronic diseases i.e., obesity and most probably cause micronutrient deficiencies. This study aimed to determine different causes and factors unhealthy eating practices and behaviors and how they can affect nutritional status among adolescents which recent studies show the increase consumption of fast foods, carbonated and energy drinks lead to cancers, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, lack of concentration and several GI tract illness.

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Fast food consumption and obesity among urban college going adolescents in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 53 publications

References 30 publications

Carbon footprinting of universities worldwide: Part I—objective comparison by standardized metrics

Carbon footprinting of universities worldwide: Part I—objective comparison by standardized metrics

COVID-19 and Fast Foods Consumption: a Review

Association of Unhealthy Food Practices with Nutritional Status of Adolescents

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