Fast, Miniaturized, Real-Time Unit for Sampling, Modulation, and Separation in Detection of Hazardous Chemicals

Pallis, G.C.; Psarras, George P.; Vamvakari, J.; Kuula, Matti; Kiljunen, Harri; Hakulinen, Hanna; Vanninen, Paula

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02898

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Fortunately, there have been advancements in remote and passive sample collection and subsequent analyses. For example, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and drone technology are at the forefront of hands-off sample collection. , However, these utilize complex instrumentation that are overt in nature and risk discovery. Additionally, their cumbersome shape limits accessibility in rough terrain, restricting their use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects as Chemical Sensors: Detection of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants and Hydrolysis Products in the Blow Fly Using LC-MS/MS

Dowling

Skaggs

Owings

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this work, blow flies were investigated as environmental chemical sample collectors following a chemical warfare attack (CWA). Blow flies sample the environment as they search for water and food sources and can be trapped from kilometers away using baited traps. Three species of blow flies were exposed to CWA simulants to determine the persistence and detectability of these compounds under varying environmental conditions. A liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to detect CWA simulants and hydrolysis products from fly guts. Flies were exposed to the CWA simulants dimethyl methylphosphonate and diethyl phosphoramidate as well as the pesticide dichlorvos, followed by treatment-dependent temperature and humidity conditions. Flies were sacrificed at intervals within a 14 day postexposure period. Fly guts were extracted and analyzed with the LC-MS/MS method. The amount of CWA simulant in fly guts decreased with time following exposure but were detectable 14 days following exposure, giving a long window of detectability. In addition to the analysis of CWA simulants, isopropyl methylphosphonic acid, the hydrolysis product of sarin, was also detected in blow flies 14 days post exposure. This work demonstrates the potential to obtain valuable samples from remote or access-restricted areas without risking lives.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%