Fast quantitative determination of diuretic drugs in tablets and human urine by microchip electrophoresis with native fluorescence detection

Abstract

Microchip electrophoresis (MCE) with native fluorescence detection has been applied for the fast quantitative analysis of pharmaceutical formulations. For this purpose, methods for fast separation and sensitive detection of the unlabeled diuretic drugs, amiloride, triamterene, bendroflumethiazide (BFMTZ), and bumetanide were developed. An epifluorescence setup was used enabling the coupling of different lasers into a commercial fluorescence microscope. The detection sensitivity of different excitation light sources was compared utilizing either a HeCd laser (lambda(exc) = 325 nm), a frequency quadrupled Nd:YAG laser (lambda(exc) = 266 nm), or a mercury lamp (lambda(exc) = 330-380 nm). At optimal conditions using the HeCd laser, the drugs were separated within 15 s with LODs less than 1 mug/mL for the four compounds. A linear relationship between concentration and peak area was obtained in the concentration range of 0.05-20 microg/mL with a mean correlation coefficient of around 0.996 for all analytes. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of the respective drugs in commercial formulations and in human urine without interference from other constituents. These data show that MCE has a great potential for reliable drug analysis.

Sensitive isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitative analysis of bumetanide in serum and brain tissue

“…Various methods have been developed for the analysis of bumetanide in biological samples or in its pure form, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [8, 9], gas chromatography mass spectrometry [10, 11], capillary electrophoresis [12, 13], and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) [14, 15]. These methods were developed either for the quantification of bumetanide in high concentrations in raw materials or pharmaceutical preparations, or for screening purposes for the detection of bumetanide in urine along with other diuretics.…”

Autofluorescence Detection in Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry

“…Various applications in drug screening (53)(54)(55)(56)(57)142), environmental analysis (143,144), cell analysis (145)(146)(147)(148)(149), forensic sciences (150)(151)(152), biogenic amines, and their metabolites (153) have been summarized and discussed.…”

Error correction of arrival time prediction in real time bus information system

“…Belder and co‐workers have numerous publications describing chip‐MS and high‐speed chiral separations on glass microchips. Some of the more exciting and promising works have detailed rapid determination of ephedra alkaloids in tablet formulations and human urine, and also glass microchips with an integrated nanospray emitter coupled with MS 17, 99–101.…”