Fast switching, high contrast multichromic polymers from alkyl-derivatized dithienylpyrrole and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene

Electrochemical synthesis, characterization and electrochromic properties of indan and 1,3-benzodioxole-based poly(2,5-dithienylpyrrole) derivatives

“…1,4-Di(2-thienyl)-1,4-butanedione and 3,3-diethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] [1,4]dioxepine (ProDOT-Et 2 ) were prepared from previously published procedures [41,42]. Before electrochemical studies, all solutions were degassed with N 2 .…”

“…The monomer 2,5-di(2-thienyl)pyrroles (SNS) consists of thiophene and pyrrole rings interconnected by their α-positions; the high reactivity of a pyrrole system creates the possibility of introducing a substituent into the β-position of the pyrrole ring even with the free α-positions of thiophene rings, making possible further modification to properties [27]. In recent years, a number of SNS derivatives have been synthesized with substituted branched alkyl [4], ferrocene [28], phenyl derivatives [29], aryl derivatives [30], and anthraquinone [31]. The oxidation potentials of SNS derivatives are quite low (about 0.7 V vs Ag/Ag + ) due to the conjugation of SNS in the aromatic system and the presence of electron donating atoms (S and N) in the main chain [32].…”

“…π-Conjugated polymers such as carbazole, triphenylamine (TPA), and thiophene-based materials have gained much attention during the past decade due to their promising applications in electrochromic devices [1][2][3][4][5], smart windows [6], light-emitting diodes (LEDs) [7][8][9], organic solar cells [10,11], catalyst [12][13][14], sensors [15][16][17], and organic field effect transistors [18]. Among them, recent interest has focused tremendously on the application of conducting polymers (CPs) in electrochromic materials owing to their outstanding coloration efficiency, rapid A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T color-switching ability [19], and broad color availability through fine-tuning bandgap with modification of their chemical structures [20].…”

Synthesis and characterization of new copolymer of pyrrole and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene synthesized by electrochemical route

“…One of the most important method of the synthesis of conducting polymers is electropolymerization. The products of polymerization reactions are deposited on various electrodes, such as metallic electrodes, steel electrodes [3,14], carbon fibers [15], glassy carbon [9] or ITO [6,[16][17][18]. A significant effect on the electrical properties, morphology and the electrode coverage have the electrode material, the solvent [19], and concentration of the electrolyte [20] used in the synthetic route.…”

Application of triphenylamine dendritic polymer in a complementary electrochromic device with panchromatic absorption

“…However, the ECD does not have any absorption within the region of 600-800 nm. For practical applications, complementary ECDs, which are composed of an anodically coloring material and a cathodically coloring material [3,[29][30][31][32], are desired because of their capability of harnessing two EC materials' coloring ability without increasing the consumption of electrons. And recently, black-to-transmissive ECDs become a focused issue because they are promising to be applied in emerging commercial displays like e-papers [33,34].…”