Fatal caffeine overdose: Two case reports

Kerrigan, Sarah; Lindsey, Tania

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.04.016

Cited by 206 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The most common electrolyte abnormalities are hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperglycemia [50]. There have been multiple reports of fatalities following massive ingestions of caffeine [51], generally secondary to ventricular arrhythmias. Toxic effects have been seen with doses of 15 mg/kg with fatalities seen in ingestions greater than 150 mg/kg [52].…”

Section: Caffeinementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Weight Loss Agents

2012

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Introduction: With the rise of the obesity epidemic in the United States over the last several decades and the medical complications seen with it, weight loss and dieting have become a national public health concern. Discussion: Because of their increased use and availability through internet sales, several different dieting agents were reviewed for potential toxicity. These included: syrup of ipecac, cathartics, human chorionic gonadotropin hormone, 2,4 Dinitrophenol, guar gum, phenylpropanolamine, ma huang/ ephedra, caffeine, clenbuterol, fenfluramine, sibutramine, thyroid hormone, orlistat and cannabinoid antagonists. Conclusions: With the internet making even banned products readily accessible, healthcare providers need to be aware of the potential toxicities of a wide range of weight loss agents. Our review covered topics we thought to be most historically significant as well as pertinent to the practice of medical toxicology today.

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Section: Caffeinementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Weight Loss Agents

2012

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“…The assessment of exposure to caffeine in soft drinks has shown that the consumption of 250 mL of the analysed products resulted in the greatest exposure in case of the product "K" (27%) and lowest in the case of the product "B" (0.71%). This evaluation is very important as there are cases of fatal caffeine intoxication (Holmgren et al 2004;Kerrigan and Lindsey 2005). However, susceptibility to poisoning through exposure to caffeine cannot be unambiguously determined due to very large individual variation, age, type of ingested diet, medications or even smoking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Caffeine and Aspartame in Diet Supplements and Non-Alcoholic Beverages Using Liquid-Chromatography Coupled to Corona CAD and UV-DAD Detectors

Grembecka

Szefer

2011

Food Anal. Methods

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A method for the simultaneous determination of caffeine and aspartame in various diet supplements and nonalcoholic beverages is presented. The analytes were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a charged aerosol detector (Corona CAD) and ultravioletdiode array detector (UV-DAD) simultaneously connected in series. The method was validated using a Thermo Hypersil Gold-C18 column packed with 5 μm shell particles (150×4.6 mm) and acetonitrile-water (15/85% v/v) mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.00 mL/min. The elaborated method was validated for linearity, precision and accuracy. The rapid HPLC-CAD-UV-DAD technique is suitable for quantifying caffeine and aspartame in the range of 0.25-75 μg/mL in diet supplements and non-alcoholic beverages. The limit of detection for caffeine and aspartame was 62 and 43 ng/mL for Corona CAD and 31 and 30 ng/mL for UV-DAD detector, respectively. Each analyte calibration curve had a correlation coefficient of at least 0.999 and was linear in the defined range. The accuracies of CAD and UV-DAD detection were all acceptable, with the mean value of 100% for aspartame and 98.3% for caffeine. Precision values ranged from 0.09% to 1.12%. The work has demonstrated that charged aerosol detector can be successfully used in a rapid screening technique for biologically active substances in non-alcoholic beverages and diet supplements.

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“…Em termos de concentração, a partir de curva de calibração realizada com soluções de cafeína em solução água/álcool 1:1, tem-se que, antes da aplicação de US, a concentração de cafeína na solução receptora é de 5,25 x 10 -5 mol L -1 , enquanto que após a aplicação de US terapêutico, ocorre a liberação de 1,73 x 10 -4 mol L -1 de cafeína, sendo o aumento de uma ordem de grandeza, estando estes valores abaixo dos níveis tóxicos, em termos plasmáticos, que são da ordem de concentrações milimolares. 40,41 Ou seja, o gráfico evidenciou incrementos de absorbância nas bandas características da cafeína, sugerindo uma maior liberação do ativo quando associado à onda sônica terapêutica, portanto, o US se apresentou como facilitador no processo de liberação da cafeína.…”

Section: Análises Espectrofotométricasunclassified