Fatal H7N9 pneumonia complicated by viral infection of a prosthetic cardiac valve – An autopsy study

Nicholls, John M.; Tsai, Polly N.W.; Chan, Renee W. Y.; Hui, K.; Chan, Martin C.W.; Peiris, Malik; Chan, Kwok‐Hung; Yuen, Kwok‐Yung; To, Kelvin Kai-Wang

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2014.08.005

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Cited by 5 publications

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“…Findings of postmortem examination reported by local researchers revealed the presence of a thrombus over the prosthetic valve in which influenza viral antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in isolated monocytic cells within the thrombus. 13 The presence of viral RNA in multiple organs was suggestive of a disseminated infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of human influenza A(H7N9) infection in Hong Kong

Leung

Lam

et al. 2017

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of human influenza A(H7N9) infection in Hong Kong

Leung

Lam

et al. 2017

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection

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H7N9 Influenza A Virus Exhibits Importin-α7–Mediated Replication in the Mammalian Respiratory Tract

Bertram

Thiele

Dreier

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Pathology

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The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the leading cause of death in influenza A virus (IAV)-infected patients. Hereby, the cellular importin-α7 gene plays a major role. It promotes viral replication in the lung, thereby increasing the risk for the development of pneumonia complicated by ARDS. Herein, we analyzed whether the recently emerged H7N9 avian IAV has already adapted to human importin-α7 use, which is associated with high-level virus replication in the mammalian lung. Using a cell-based viral polymerase activity assay, we could detect a decreased H7N9 IAV polymerase activity when importin-α7 was silenced by siRNA. Moreover, virus replication was diminished in the murine cells lacking the importin-α7 gene. Consistently, importin-α7 knockout mice presented reduced pulmonary virus titers and lung lesions as well as enhanced survival rates compared to wild-type mice. In summary, our results show that H7N9 IAV have acquired distinct features of adaptation to human host factors that enable enhanced virulence in mammals. In particular, adaptation to human importin-α7 mediates elevated virus replication in the mammalian lung, which might have contributed to ARDS observed in H7N9-infected patients.

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Novel Avian Influenza A Virus Infections of Humans

Uyeki

Peiris

2019

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

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Fatal H7N9 pneumonia complicated by viral infection of a prosthetic cardiac valve – An autopsy study

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Epidemiology of human influenza A(H7N9) infection in Hong Kong

Epidemiology of human influenza A(H7N9) infection in Hong Kong

H7N9 Influenza A Virus Exhibits Importin-α7–Mediated Replication in the Mammalian Respiratory Tract

Novel Avian Influenza A Virus Infections of Humans

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