Fate of Ingested Plant Allelochemicals in Herbivorous Insects

Brattsten, L. B.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-1865-1_6

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…Some predators may be deterred by allelochemicals sequestered by (Brattsten, 1986;Bowers, 1990), or even in the gut of, insect herbivores (Janzen, 1984). Up to 5~o of ingested rutin was present in the hemolymph of H. zea within an hour of ingestion (Isman & Duffey, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to avoid rutin diets results in altered food utilization and reduced growth rate of Manduca sexta larvae

Stamp

Skrobola

1993

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The possibility of avoidance of and dietary self-selection relative to the flavonol rutin was examined for third instar Manduca sexta for two thermal regimes and for larvae previously reared on plain or rutin diet. Temperature affected all of the performance indices examined, except efficiency of conversion of digested food. Significant interactive effects between temperature and diet occurred for relative consumption rate, relative growth rate and the food utilization efficiencies. For example, at the warm daytime temperature, relative growth rate prior to head capsule slippage was lower for caterpillars previously reared on rutin diet compared to those reared on plain diet. In contrast, at the cool daytime temperature, the relative growth rates were similar for caterpillars reared on plain diet and on 6 #moles rutin diet. Consequently, in some treatments (5 of 12), caterpillars with a history of rutin in their diet had lower relative growth rates than those experiencing rutin for the first time. Despite rutin's impact on food utilization indices and negative effect on relative growth rate, the caterpillars did not avoid turin nor was there evidence of regulation of the intake of rutin. The lack of metabolic feedback is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to avoid rutin diets results in altered food utilization and reduced growth rate of Manduca sexta larvae

Stamp

Skrobola

1993

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Herbivorous insects which feed on cyanogenic plants have developed specific enzymes including RHD, 3-MST and b-CAS, which among other functions, make them tolerant to the highly toxic cyanide (Butler et al, 1973;Ahmad et al, 1986, Brattsten, 1986, 1992. Therefore the primary role of cyanogenesis as a defence mechanism against insect pests and parasitic organisms would be ARTICLE IN PRESS Fig.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, the sulphurtransferases have other primary functions (Nagahara et al, 1999;Al-qarawi et al, 2001). b-CAS transfer cyanide into amino acid pool in a series of reaction involving another enzyme, b-cyanoalanine hydratase (EC 4.2.1.65) (Wurtele et al, 1985;Ahmad et al, 1986;Brattsten, 1986Brattsten, , 1992. Cyanide metabolism involving the formation of cyanoalanine, asparagine and aspartic acid from cyanide and serine or cysteine by the enzyme b-CAS has been demonstrated in Bacillus megaterium (Castric and Strobel, 1969), Escherichia coli (Dunnill and Fowden, 1965;Floss et al, 1965), other bacteria, higher plants, fungi and algae (Fowden and Bell, 1965;Blumenthal et al, 1968;Miller and Conn, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A soluble β-cyanoalanine synthase from the gut of the variegated grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (L.)

Ogunlabi

Agboola

2007

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…Although this hypothesis has provided an effective framework for developing experiments, many inconsistencies have been discovered, and many relevant criticisms have been levied against the hypothesis, including: it ignores the role of upper trophic levels, it has not yielded easily testable hypotheses, it is plagued by many unrealistic assumptions, and most plants include a complement of both qualitative and quantitative defenses, so that assigning chemical identities to plants or tissues is often an inaccurate generalization (Price et al, 1980;Bernays & Graham, 1988;Brattsten & Ahmad, 1986;Fagerstrom et al, 1987;Duffey & Stout, 1996). Another major problem with the plantapparency framework is that it does not incorporate important aspects of chemically mediated interactions, such as synergy, dose dependence, and beneficial effects of secondary metabolites on adapted herbivores (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does plant apparency matter? Thirty years of data provide limited support but reveal clear patterns of the effects of plant chemistry on herbivores

2016

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SummaryAccording to the plant-apparency hypothesis, apparent plants allocate resources to quantitative defenses that negatively affect generalist and specialist herbivores, while unapparent plants invest more in qualitative defenses that negatively affect nonadapted generalists. Although this hypothesis has provided a useful framework for understanding the evolution of plant chemical defense, there are many inconsistencies surrounding associated predictions, and it has been heavily criticized and deemed obsolete.We used a hierarchical Bayesian meta-analysis model to test whether defenses from apparent and unapparent plants differ in their effects on herbivores. We collected a total of 225 effect sizes from 158 published papers in which the effects of plant chemistry on herbivore performance were reported.As predicted by the plant-apparency hypothesis, we found a prevalence of quantitative defenses in woody plants and qualitative defenses in herbaceous plants. However, the detrimental impacts of qualitative defenses were more effective against specialists than generalists, and the effects of chemical defenses did not significantly differ between specialists and generalists for woody or herbaceous plants.A striking pattern that emerged from our data was a pervasiveness of beneficial effects of secondary metabolites on herbivore performance, especially generalists. This pattern provides evidence that herbivores are evolving effective counteradaptations to putative plant defenses.

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Fate of Ingested Plant Allelochemicals in Herbivorous Insects

Cited by 37 publications

References 167 publications

Failure to avoid rutin diets results in altered food utilization and reduced growth rate of Manduca sexta larvae

Failure to avoid rutin diets results in altered food utilization and reduced growth rate of Manduca sexta larvae

A soluble β-cyanoalanine synthase from the gut of the variegated grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (L.)

Does plant apparency matter? Thirty years of data provide limited support but reveal clear patterns of the effects of plant chemistry on herbivores

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