Fate of the nitrogen from fertilizers in field-grown maize

Korsakov, Helena Rimski; Rubio, Gerardo; Lavado, Raúl S.

doi:10.1007/s10705-012-9513-1

Cited by 63 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The percentage of applied N lost as NH 3 averaged 23% of applied N across the seven transplanted soils. This was almost double the losses measured from banding urea at the 5-cm depth at the same site (Rochette et al, 2013) but was consistent with two previous studies in Argentina examining NH 3 volatilization from subsurface-banded (2-cm depth) urea where losses were between 20 and 24% of applied N (Álvarez et al, 2007;Rimski-Korsakov et al, 2012). The values in the current study were also higher (approximately five times greater for the heavy-textured soils and 1.5 to 2 times greater for the medium-and coarse-textured soils) than an incubation study that used some of the same soils (Pelster et al, 2018).…”

Section: Influence Of Soil Physicochemical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Initial Soil Moisture, Clod Size, and Clay Content on Ammonia Volatilization after Subsurface Band Application of Urea

et al. 2019

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Ammonia losses from broadcast urea vary based on soil physical and chemical properties; however, less is known about how soil properties affect NH3 losses after subsurface banding of urea. Therefore, three field trials were established to determine how initial soil moisture, clod size, and clay content affect NH3 volatilization from subsurface‐banded (0.025‐m depth) urea using wind tunnels. The first study measured volatilization after banding in a loamy mixed frigid Typic Humaquept at 50, 100, 150, 200, or 250 g kg−1 gravimetric water content (WC). Study 2 measured volatilization from the same soil after covering the bands with soil clods that ranged from <2 to >24 mm in diameter, whereas Study 3 measured volatilization from transplanted, acidic soils with clay contents ranging from 5 to 57%. Cumulative 17‐d NH3 losses for study one ranged from 8.3 to 20.8% of applied N, with the soil wetted to 200 g kg−1 WC experiencing the greatest losses. For Study 2, cumulative NH3 volatilization losses ranged from 10.8 to 20.8% of applied N, with the greatest losses from the largest clod sizes. For Study 3, NH3 losses ranged from 2.5 to 51.7% of applied N, with the NH3 losses correlated to the maximum pH measured in the band (P < 0.001), and to the soil cation exchange capacity (P = 0.054), titratable acidity (P = 0.072), and clay content (P = 0.100). However, the soil with high silt, not sand, content had the highest volatilization losses, suggesting that high silt soils may have the greatest potential for NH3 volatilization. Core Ideas Greater NH3 losses from soils at 200 g kg−1 water content than at ≤150 g kg−1. Covering the urea band with clods <6 mm reduced NH3 losses. Soil NH3 losses correlated closely to the maximum pH reached in the band and soil CEC. The highest NH3 losses were from soils with low clay and high silt content. Previous Canadian studies on NH3 loss from banded urea may overestimate losses.

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Section: Influence Of Soil Physicochemical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Initial Soil Moisture, Clod Size, and Clay Content on Ammonia Volatilization after Subsurface Band Application of Urea

et al. 2019

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“…These N contents can be taken as the usual values at these locations and sowing dates. We assumed an exponentially decreasing N distribution with depth following reports in the literature (Rimski-Korsakov et al 2012). To parameterize water availability at sowing, we relied on the qualitative assessment that farmers did at sowing.…”

Section: Mechanistic Modeling: Ceres-maizementioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and temperature limit tropical and temperate maize hybrids differently in a subtropical region

Casali

Rubio

Herrera

2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Although the semiarid and subhumid Chaco regions in northern Argentina have been traditionally considered marginal and unsuitable for cultivating grain maize for human and livestock nutrition, this crop is increasingly being adopted by local farmers. The low maize yields observed in the area suggest that climatic constraints limit productivity, while changes in genotypes and management may be useful to mitigate the effect of these constraints. We analyzed data from 792 farm paddocks with multivariate mixed models to identify and quantify the main environmental and management constraints to maize's yield. In addition, we used the crop model CERES-Maize to assess the potential of a temperate maize hybrid to overcome water constraints. Results from the mixed models identified the amount of rainfall during February as a primary determinant of maize yield and showed that tropical hybrids tended to withstand higher temperatures and heat stress better, while temperate hybrids performed better under conditions of water scarcity. CERES-Maize simulations suggested that temperate maize hybrids have the potential to increase grain yields from 18 to 21 kg ha −1 (14.5% moisture content) for every millimeter of rain during February. This report is the first to identify alternative roles of temperate and tropical maize hybrids for counteracting climatic risks in the studied subtropical regions. These findings will provide plant breeders urgently needed information to breed better adapted maize genotypes for the semiarid and subhumid Chaco.

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“…Rochette et al [53] reported that the impact of urea application rate on the nitrogen loss in the form of ammonia (NH 3 ) is variable as shown in Table 4 [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. The large variability in the results reported from several studies has been due to the nonlinear response of the ammonia to variation in pH and the availability of ammonia in the soil.…”

Section: Ammonia Volatilizaitonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Sources and Cycling in the Ecosystem and its Role in Air, Water and Soil Pollution: A Critical Review

Ae¹,

Vv²

2015

J Pollut Eff Cont

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The natural cycle of nitrogen involves several biological and non-biological process including: mineralization, nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, microbial and plant uptake of nitrogen, ammonia volatilization, leaching of nitrite and nitrate and ammonia fixation. Nitrogen exists naturally in the environment and is constantly being converted from organic to an inorganic form and vice versa. Production of commercial fertilizer adds up to the natural source of nitrogen. The main source of nitrogen include: atmospheric precipitation, geological sources, agricultural land, livestock and poultry operations and urban waste. Agricultural emissions show a strong increase due to the application of fertilizer to agricultural soils, grazing of animals and spreading of animal manure. Emissions from agricultural practices and animal manure wastes are the major source of nitrogen pollution in surface and underground water. Soil erosion and runoff from fertilized land as well as domestic and industrial wastes contribute to the enrichment of lakes and streams with nutrients. Nitrates concentration exceeding certain limits in drinking water is toxic to animals and humans, especially infants. Nuisance of algal bloom and fish kills in lakes and rivers occurs due to eutrophication. Obnoxious colours and smells are developed as a result of organic matter decay and are destroying the natural beauty of the environment. The water born contaminants affect human health from both recreational use of contaminated surface water and from ingestion of contaminated drinking water derived from surface or ground water sources. The methods for abatement of nitrogen pollution must follow multi pathways. First, the source and amount of pollution must be detected and defined. Second, the possible ways to treat animal and domestic wastes should be carefully investigated. Third, better agricultural practices should be developed that include: proper storage and application of slurry and solid manure, rapid incorporation of slurry and solid manure into the soil, use of band spreading machineries such as trailing house and trailing shoe and sub-surface applicators, use of specifically made round covers fitted to above ground tanks and slurry lagoons, applying fertilizers during periods of greatest crop demand at or near the plant roots in smaller amounts with frequent applications, using multiple cropping systems such as using crop rotations or intercropping to increase the efficiency of nitrogen uses and changing current livestock production techniques.

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Fate of the nitrogen from fertilizers in field-grown maize

Cited by 63 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Initial Soil Moisture, Clod Size, and Clay Content on Ammonia Volatilization after Subsurface Band Application of Urea

Effects of Initial Soil Moisture, Clod Size, and Clay Content on Ammonia Volatilization after Subsurface Band Application of Urea

Drought and temperature limit tropical and temperate maize hybrids differently in a subtropical region

Nitrogen Sources and Cycling in the Ecosystem and its Role in Air, Water and Soil Pollution: A Critical Review

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