Fatigue Analysis of Spike Segment of Special Tractor Wheels in Terms of Design Improvement for Chernozem Soil

Abrahám, Rudolf; Majdan, Radoslav; Kollárová, Katarína; Tkáč, Zdenko; Hajdu, Štefan; Kubík, Ľubomír; Masarovičová, Soňa

doi:10.3390/agriculture12040471

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The device was developed and continuously improved at the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (Slovak Republic) and allows for the setting of the active or inactive spike position. The design of this device is based on the fatigue analysis of a spike segment published in reference [26] and on a previous design version published in reference [27]. The fatigue analysis showed that the diameter of the horizontal rod connecting the left and right arms (Figure 2d,e) can be reduced from 12 mm to 10 mm.…”

Section: Spike Device With Worm Gear Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spike Device with Worm Gear Unit for Driving Wheels to Improve the Traction Performance of Compact Tractors on Grass Plots

Abrahám,

Majdan,

Kollárová

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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In general, energy loss reduction via the interaction of tires with the ground improves tractor traction performance when a drawbar pull is generated. This paper is examines the driving wheels with steel spikes for a tractor equipped with modern radial tires. An improved design of the spike device that allows for the change between an active and inactive position of the spikes is presented. The traction performance of a compact articulated tractor with the spike device was tested on a grass plot with two soil moisture contents (SMC). The highest difference in the drawbar pull in the range from 14.2% to 40.5% and from 17.1% to 36.8% was reached by the spikes in the active position in comparison with the tires without spikes, which were at the slip range from 45% to 5% in the case of the low SMC when the test tractor was in the 3rd and 1st gear. The motion resistance difference between the spikes in the active position and the tires without spikes was 11.8% and 2.5% at the low and medium SMC, respectively. At the low and medium SMC, the highest tractive efficiency of 0.765 (0.721) and 0.757 (0.731) was reached by the spikes in the active position when the test tractor was in the 1st (3rd) gear in comparison with 0.736 (0.7) and 0.723 (0.708) in the case of the tires without spikes. The results indicated that the spike device allowed for the improvement of tractor tractive performance.

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Section: Spike Device With Worm Gear Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spike Device with Worm Gear Unit for Driving Wheels to Improve the Traction Performance of Compact Tractors on Grass Plots

Abrahám,

Majdan,

Kollárová

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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“…The samples of the soil were dried in an electric oven, and was kept at 105 • C for 24 h. The dried samples of the soil were re-weighed, and the weight was again noted in order to calculate the levels of the initial soil moisture content based on a dry weight and initial soil bulk density. Two agricultural tractors were used in the tillage experiments for measuring the horizontal force (draft) of the chisel plow, as is described in [6,[43][44][45][46][47][48]. In the first and second experimental sites, the chisel plow under study was mounted at the rear of Ford tractor (main tractor) model TW15 with a diesel engine of 110 kW at 2300 rpm with help of three-point hitch of the tractor.…”

Section: Sources Of the Required Data For Modeling The Modified Horiz...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Values for the Horizontal Force of Tillage Implements Estimated from the ASABE Form Using an Artificial Neural Network

et al. 2023

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The famous empirical model for the horizontal force estimation of farm implements was issued by the American Society of Agricultural Biological Engineers (ASABE). It relies on information on soil texture through its soil texture adjustment parameter, which is called the Fi -parameter. The Fi-parameter is not measurable, and the geometry of the plow through the machine parameter values are not measurable; however, the tillage speed, implement width, and tillage depth are measurable. In this study, the Fi-parameter was calibrated using a regression technique based on a soil texture norm that combines the sand, silt, and clay contents of a soil with R2 of 0.703. A feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) with a backpropagation algorithm for training purposes was established to estimate the modified values of the horizontal force based on four inputs: working field criterion, soil texture norm, initial soil moisture content, and the horizontal force (which was estimated by the ASABE standard using the new—Fi-parameter). Our developed ANN model had high values for the coefficient of determination (R2) and their values in the training, testing, and validation stages were 0.8286, 0.8175, and 0.8515, respectively that demonstrated the applicability for the prediction of the modified horizontal forces. An Excel spreadsheet was created using the weights of the established ANN model to estimate the values of the horizontal force of specific tillage implements, such as a disk, chisel, or moldboard plows. The Excel spreadsheet was tested using data for a moldboard plow; in addition, a good prediction of the required horizontal force with a percentage error of 10% was achieved. The developed Excel spreadsheet contributed toward a numerical method that can be used by agricultural engineers in the future. Furthermore, we also concluded that the equations presented in this study can be formulated by any of computer language to create a simulation program to predict the horizontal force requirements of a tillage implement.

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The Usefulness of Soil Penetration Resistance Measurements for Improving the Efficiency of Cultivation Technologies

Klonowski,

Lisowski,

Dąbrowska

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The research results of soil penetration resistance (SPR) tests carried out on sandy clay using four cone probes with different dimensions of the measuring tip are presented in this study. It was indicated that the values of SPR can be used to diagnose the cultivation layer and, on this basis, determine whether it is necessary to cultivate it and select tools for the required treatment. Tests were carried out on three levels of soil density, 1.37, 1.43 and 1.51 g∙cm−3, and two moisture contents, 7.64% and 10.4%. The results show that the probe with the smallest cone with apex angles of 30° and 60° on the least dense soil indicated higher SPR by over 50% more than other probes with the highest cone and the same opening angles. The change in cone opening angle from 30° to 60° led to an increase in probe indications in the range of 10–25%, depending on the diameter of the cone tip. The statistical analysis shows that values of probe indications were statistically significant and were influenced by soil density, probe cone tip dimensions, the surface of the base and the apex angle. The values of SPR are fundamental in diagnosing the quality of the soil’s top layer, determining the necessity of breaking it up, and selecting the optimal tools for this procedure. To improve the efficiency of agricultural crop cultivation technologies. This is particularly important when carrying out cultivation procedures in an environmentally friendly manner. The measurements will help support the introduction of sustainable farming practices, including direct seeding, no-till cultivation, or precision agriculture, reducing soil degradation and increasing environmental benefits.

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Fatigue Analysis of Spike Segment of Special Tractor Wheels in Terms of Design Improvement for Chernozem Soil

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Spike Device with Worm Gear Unit for Driving Wheels to Improve the Traction Performance of Compact Tractors on Grass Plots

Spike Device with Worm Gear Unit for Driving Wheels to Improve the Traction Performance of Compact Tractors on Grass Plots

Modification of Values for the Horizontal Force of Tillage Implements Estimated from the ASABE Form Using an Artificial Neural Network

The Usefulness of Soil Penetration Resistance Measurements for Improving the Efficiency of Cultivation Technologies

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