Fatigue and EMG changes in the masseter and temporalis muscles during sustained contractions

Lyons, M. F.; Rouse, M E; Baxendale, R. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1993.tb01614.x

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Use of a lower pressure level (i.e., with a bite block) would be expected to result in longer endurance times, but the opposite finding occurred. Others have cautioned against detailed interpretations of endurance trials when strength varies substantially across experimental conditions (Lyons et al, 1993;Ward, Theodoros, Murdoch, & Silburn, 2000), but the specific impact of the absolute pressure level at which the endurance trial is performed is unknown and did not affect the present results in the predicted direction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In addition, it is based on only one endurance trial in the bite block condition whereas the jaw-free result was the better of two trials. High trial-to-trial variability has been reported for endurance tasks (Lambert, Archer, & Evans, 2001;Lyons, Rouse, & Baxendale, 1993;Vøllestad, 1997;Walamies & Turjanmaa, 1993). Selecting the best performance from multiple endurance trials would improve task validity, but this strategy is complicated by the fact that the task itself can induce fatigue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Jaw Position on Measures of Tongue Strength and Endurance

Solomon

Munson

2004

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Assessment of tongue strength and endurance is common in research and clinical contexts. It is unclear whether the results reveal discrete function by the tongue or combined abilities of the tongue and jaw. One way to isolate the movement of the tongue is to constrain the jaw kinematically by using a bite block. In this study, 10 neurologically normal young adults performed tongue strength and endurance tasks without a bite block ("jaw-free") and with bite blocks of various heights (2, 5, 10, and 15 mm for strength; 5 mm for endurance). Data signals included tongue pressure exerted on an air-filled bulb, surface electromyography (SEMG) from the superior tongue blade, and SEMG from 1 masseter. On average, tongue strength (pressure in kPa) was greatest with no bite block and generally decreased as bite blocks increased in height. Pairwise analyses revealed statistically significant differences for all but 3 comparisons (jaw-free to 2 mm, 2 to 5 mm, and 5 to 10 mm). After removing outlying data from 1 participant, tongue endurance at 50% of tongue strength was significantly greater without a bite block than with one. SEMG data did not differ significantly for the strength task across bite block conditions, but inspection of the individual data revealed a tendency for masseter activity to be lower when the jaw was unconstrained. These results suggest that maximal tongue strength and endurance are best assessed with an unconstrained mandible or with a very small bite block. Keywords tongue function; maximum performance tasks; bite block; assessment; surface electromyography The assessment of oromotor abilities is a common component of most motor speech examinations, especially when cranial nerves or their central innervations are implicated. Clinical assessments typically include measures of strength, endurance, range of motion, and coordination of individual articulators. To assess tongue strength, clinicians commonly hold a tongue depressor beyond the lips and the patient pushes the tongue against the depressor. Strength is rated perceptually, often with a 3-5-point equal-appearing interval scale or with binary judgments of "normal" or "weak." Such measures can provide rough diagnostic information for speech-language pathologists, neurologists, and other movement-disorders specialists. Performance on carefully selected tasks can help isolate cranial nerve dysfunction, as well as implicate side and site of neurologic lesion (Duffy, 1995). Clinicians also have become increasingly interested in oral-motor strength exercises for therapeutic ©American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Jaw Position on Measures of Tongue Strength and Endurance

Solomon

Munson

2004

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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“…Several studies have demonstrated that sustained isometric contractions produce a shift of the mean power frequency to lower values. An increase in power at lower frequencies and a decrease in power at higher frequencies have also been observed [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Because of the fatigueinduced shifts in the spectra of sEMG, this technique allows the evaluation of which muscles are most affected by an exercise.…”

Section: Author Manuscript Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall goal of this project was to begin to refine the exercise by use of objective indices of fatigue. Surface EMG is used as a clinical tool in the study of skeletal muscle fatigue [10][11][12]. During fatigue, the median (and mean) frequencies of the power spectral density (PSD) function of the sEMG signals shift in a predictable manner [13][14][15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Analysis Before and After Shaker Exercise: Physiologic Tool for Exercise Design

et al. 2008

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Recent studies suggest that the Shaker exercise induces fatigue in the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening muscles and sternocleidomastoid (SCM), with the SCMs fatiguing earliest. The aim of this study was to measure fatigue induced by the isometric portion of the Shaker exercise by measuring the rate of change in the median frequency (MF rate) of the power spectral density (PSD) function, which is interpreted as proportional to the rate of fatigue, from surface electromyography (EMG) of suprahyoid (SHM), infrahyoid (IHM), and SCM. EMG data compared fatigue-related changes from 20-, 40-, and 60-s isometric hold durations of the Shaker exercise. We found that fatigue-related changes were manifested during the 20-s hold. The findings confirm that the SCM fatigues initially and as fast as or faster than the SHM and IHM. In addition, upon completion of the exercise protocol, the SCM had a decreased MF rate, implying improved fatigue resistance, while the SHM and IHM showed increased MF rates, implying that these muscles increased their fatiguing effort. We conclude that the Shaker exercise initially leads to increased fatigue resistance of the SCM, after which the exercise loads the less fatigue-resistant Correspondence to: Jacqueline Wertsch, wertschj@mcw.edu. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript SHM and IHM, potentiating the therapeutic effect of the Shaker exercise regimen with continued exercise performance. KeywordsDysphagia; Electromyography; Exercise; Muscle fatigue; Power spectral density; Surface EMG; Therapeutic exercise; Shaker exercise; UES opening; Deglutition; Deglutition disordersSwallowing is a complicated process that involves many neck muscles, including the suprahyoid muscle group. During swallowing, this group of muscles, which includes the mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and digastric muscles, contracts and acts as a traction force that contributes to the anteroposterior deglutitive opening of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES), allowing food to pass into the esophagus. The UES is normally in a state of tonic contraction that prevents air passage from the pharynx into the esophagus. Sphincteric relaxation and distensibility also contribute to UES opening.The Shaker exercise is a simple isotonic/isometric head-raising exercise that has been shown to increase the anteroposterior deglutitive opening diameter and cross-sectional area of the UES [1,2]. This exercise consists of three isometric repetitions of 1-min sustained head raisings with the patient in the supine position, alternating with 1-min rest periods. Participants are instructed to raise their head high and forward enough to be able to observe their toes without raising their shoulders off the ground. The three sustained head raisings are followed by a second portion of the exercise that includes 30 consecutive, nonsustained, repetitive head raisings in the same supine position.In prior work, surface EMG (sEMG) studies have been used to evaluate specific muscle activation patterns...

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“…These devices act on the orbicularis oris muscles of the mouth, aiming at its toning and strengthening (7) . However, in literature, little information is available on the prescription of muscle exercises (1) or on the response shown by patients to therapeutic approaches, especially with regard to muscle condition (2,8) . One good example can be found in the recommended time for each exercise, which ranges between 10 seconds (1) , 15-20 seconds (9) , or even 30 seconds of static muscle contractions (7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromyographic fatigue of orbicular oris muscles during exercises in mouth and nasal breathing children

Busanello-Stella

Blanco-Dutra

Corrêa

et al. 2015

CoDAS

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DescritoresElectromyographic fatigue of orbicular oris muscles during exercises in mouth and nasal breathing children Fadiga eletromiográfica dos músculos orbiculares da boca durante exercícios em crianças respiradoras orais e nasais ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the process of fatigue in orbicularis oris muscles by analyzing the median frequency of electromyographic signal and the referred fatigue time, according to the breathing mode and the facial pattern. Methods: The participants were 70 children, aged 6 to 12 years, who matched the established criteria.To be classified as 36 nasal-breathing and 34 mouth-breathing children, they underwent speech-language, otorhinolaryngologic, and cephalometric evaluation. For the electromyographic assessment, the children had to sustain lip dumbbells weighing 40, 60, and 100 g and a lip exerciser, until the feeling of fatigue. Houve decréscimo significativo da frequência mediana a partir dos cinco segundos de atividade, independentemente da comparação entre os grupos. Quando realizada essa comparação, os músculos não demonstraram decréscimo significativo; o tempo relatado para a sensação de fadiga foi menor nos respiradores orais. Essa sensação ocorreu após a significância do decréscimo da frequência mediana. Conclusão: Houve sinais indicativos de fadiga mioelétrica para os músculos orbiculares da boca, nos grupos analisados, já a partir dos cinco segundos de atividade. A fadiga mioelétrica nos músculos orbiculares da boca precedeu a sensação de fadiga relatada em todos os grupos. O relato do tempo de fadiga sofreu influência apenas do modo respiratório, ocorrendo mais precocemente nas crianças respiradoras orais.

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Fatigue and EMG changes in the masseter and temporalis muscles during sustained contractions

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

The Effect of Jaw Position on Measures of Tongue Strength and Endurance

The Effect of Jaw Position on Measures of Tongue Strength and Endurance

Fatigue Analysis Before and After Shaker Exercise: Physiologic Tool for Exercise Design

Electromyographic fatigue of orbicular oris muscles during exercises in mouth and nasal breathing children

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