“…because of the relatively lower σ concentration and larger indentation–process zone on the contact surface . There was no mandatory sample size requirement in the nanoindentation test, but it was necessary to ensure full contact between the membrane and the substrate glass . Four sets of nanoindentation experimental schemes were designed: - Rate‐dependence experiments: The membrane was pressed to a target h of 2000 nm under loading ε rates of 0.001, 0.002, 0.005, and 0.01 second −1 followed a holding time of 20 s and then unloaded with the same rate of loading.
- σ‐Relaxation experiments: Four peak holding h s (2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 nm) were applied to the sample at a constant loading stain rate of 0.01 second −1 , and a holding time of 100 s was recorded to measure the changing load ( p ) with time.
- Creep experiments: The creep behaviors were measured at different holding peak p s (200, 400, 600, and 800 μN), respectively; then, the creep changes with holding time (100 s) were compared.
- Fatigue experiments: Four loading frequencies (0.0125, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 Hz) were adopted within 400 s via a triangle wave‐loading path, and the damage of the material was explored.
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