Fatty acyl CoA synthetase from Antarctic notothenioid fishes may influence substrate specificity of fat oxidation

Grove, Theresa J.; Sidell, Bruce D.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2004.06.005

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, high amounts of this fatty acid in the liver and muscle of P. brachycephalum correlate with the temperature of highest growth (4°C), indicating that the level of this fatty acid may be more closely influenced by growth than by temperature (Jangaard et al 1967). Data provided by Farkas and co-workers (1994) and Grove and Sidell (2004) support this hypothesis by showing that 22:6 (n-3) does not participate in the process of cold adaptation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine in the membranes of more stenothermal fish. In eurythermal carp, however, Farkas et al (1980) found that adaptation to cooling was paralleled by the accumulation of especially 22:6 (n-3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This may be due to a preferred synthesis of elongated fatty acids at lower temperatures. This feature has also been found in fishes living in the permanent cold, such as the Antarctic demersal fish Gobionotothen gibberifrons (Grove and Sidell 2004), and may be a general mechanism of adaptation to cold conditions. Grove and Sidell (2004) also found high capacities for the oxidation of long chain fatty acids in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue of this species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The most relevant fatty acids for this separation were 16:0 and 18:0. Palmitic acid (16:0) is known to be involved in the process of cold adaptation of membranes (Farkas et al 1994), and Grove and Sidell (2004) found very high activities and capacities for the oxidation for this fatty acid in Antarctic fish muscle…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-dependent lipid levels and components in polar and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae)

Brodte

Graeve

Jacob

et al. 2007

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Total lipid content, lipid classes and fatty acid composition were analysed in tissues from two eelpout species fed on the same diet, the Antarctic Pachycara brachycephalum and the temperate Zoarces viviparus, with the aim of determining the role of lipids in fishes from different thermal habitats. The lipid content increased with decreasing temperature in the liver of both species, suggesting enhanced lipid storage under cold conditions. In P. brachycephalum, lipid composition in the liver and muscle was strongly dominated by triacylglycerols between 0 and 6 degrees C. In contrast, in the temperate species, lipid class composition changed with changes in the temperature. When acclimatized to 4 and 6 degrees C Z. viviparus not only displayed a shift to lipid anabolism and pronounced lipid storage, as indicated by high triacylglycerol levels, but also a shift to patterns of cold adaptation, as reflected by an increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the lipid extract. Unsaturated fatty acids were also abundant in the Antarctic eelpout, but when compared to Z. viviparus at the same temperatures, the latter had significantly higher ratios of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid levels, whereas the Antarctic eelpout showed significantly higher ratios of monounsaturated to saturated fatty acid levels. High delta-15N values of the Antarctic eelpout reflect the high trophic level of this scavenger in the Weddell Sea food web. Stable carbon values suggest that lipid-enriched prey forms a major part of its diet. The strategy to accumulate storage lipids in the cold is interpreted to be adaptive behaviour at colder temperatures and during periods of irregular, pulsed food supply.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Temperature-dependent lipid levels and components in polar and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae)

Brodte

Graeve

Jacob

et al. 2007

Fish Physiol Biochem

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“…It is worth mentioning that the current Acsl gene nomenclature omits the “ Acsl2” which was dropped since shortly after its identification it was found to be identical to Acsl1 in human and additionally rodent “ Acsl2 ” was also renamed Acsl6 since it shared more identity with human Acsl6 [18]. The advent of whole genome sequencing projects allowed the identification of Acsl genes in non-mammalian species, but no approach has been made in order to unravel the evolutionary history of this family [12,19]. Additionally, recent findings have illustrated the need to consider genome duplication processes (and gene loss) in combination with extensive species analysis for proper evolutionary insights regarding lipid metabolic gene networks to be drawn [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and history of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (Acsl) gene family in vertebrates

et al. 2013

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BackgroundFatty acids, a considerable fraction of lipid molecules, participate in fundamental physiological processes. They undergo activation into their corresponding CoA esters for oxidation or esterification into complex lipids (e.g. triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol esters), a process that is carried out by acyl-CoA synthases (ACS). Here we analyze the evolution of the gene family encoding for the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (Acsl) in vertebrates.ResultsBy means of phylogenetics and comparative genomics we show that genome duplications (2R) generated the diversity of Acsl genes in extant vertebrate lineages. In the vertebrate ancestor two separate genes originated the current Acsl1/5/6 and the Acsl3/4 gene families, and the extra gene duplicates in teleosts are a consequence of the teleost specific third round of genome duplication (3R). Moreover, the diversity of Acsl family members is broader than anticipated. Our strategy uncovered a novel uncharacterized Acsl-like gene found in teleosts, spotted gar, coelacanth and possibly lamprey, which we designate Acsl2. The detailed analysis of the Acsl2 teleost gene locus strongly supports the conclusion that it corresponds to a retained 2R paralogue, lost in tetrapods.ConclusionsWe provide here the first evolutionary analysis of the Acsl gene family in vertebrates, showing the specific contribution of 2R/3R to the diversity of this gene family. We find also that the division of ACSL enzymes into two groups predates at least the emergence of deuterostomes. Our study indicates that genome duplications significantly contributed to the elaboration of fatty acid activation metabolism in vertebrates.

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“…It has recently been suggested that it is the metabolic demand for fatty acids that is the driving force for fatty acid uptake, through conversion of fatty acids to acyl-CoA, by the action of acyl-CoA synthetases and the regulation of the membrane bound transport proteins (Mashek and Coleman, 2006). The mitochondrial acyl-CoA synthetase has been studied in Antarctic notothenioid fish, reporting substrate specificity for unsaturated fatty acids over 16:0 and 22:6n-3 (Grove and Sidell, 2004), however molecular studies have not been done on fish acyl-CoA-synthetases.…”

Section: Cellular Uptake Of Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Fish Lipid Nutrigenomics: Current State and Prospects for Fin-Fish Aquaculture

Leaver

Bautista

Björnsson

et al. 2008

Reviews in Fisheries Science

231

192

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Lipids are the predominant source of energy for fish. The mechanisms by which fish allocate energy from lipids, for metabolism, development, growth and reproduction are critical for understanding key life history strategies and transitions. Currently, the major lipid component in aquaculture diets is fish oil (FO), derived from wild capture fisheries that are exploited at their maximum sustainable limit. The increasing demand from aquaculture for FO will soon exceed supply and threaten the viability of aquaculture. Thus, it is essential to minimize FO use in aquaculture diets. This might be achieved by a greater understanding of lipid storage and muscle growth, or the identification of alternatives to FO in feeds. This review focuses on recent research applying molecular and genomic techniques to the study of fin-fish lipid metabolism from an aquaculture perspective. Accordingly, particular emphasis will be given to fatty acid metabolism and to highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) biosynthesis, and to the transcriptional mechanisms and endocrine factors that regulate these processes in fish. Comparative studies of gene function and distribution are described which, when integrated with recent fish genome sequence information, provide insights into lipid homeostasis and the outcomes associated with the replacement of FO in fish diets.

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Fatty acyl CoA synthetase from Antarctic notothenioid fishes may influence substrate specificity of fat oxidation

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Temperature-dependent lipid levels and components in polar and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae)

Temperature-dependent lipid levels and components in polar and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae)

Diversity and history of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (Acsl) gene family in vertebrates

Towards Fish Lipid Nutrigenomics: Current State and Prospects for Fin-Fish Aquaculture

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